Total reactive antioxidant potential in human saliva of smokers and non‐smokers

Кондакова, И. В.; Lissi, E. A.; Pizarro, Marisol

doi:10.1080/15216549900202023

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…The latter is supported by our findings indicating a significantly reduced antioxidant defence of young smokers' lymphocytes estimated by the H 2 O 2 ‐induced DNA damage (comet assay), which may indicate a reduced intracellular antioxidant status, in comparison to non‐smokers. It must be noted here that the same method, but without the addition of H 2 O 2 ‐generating system, has been used before in order to detect differences between smokers and non‐smokers, with contradicting results (19,20). Plappert et al (21) did not detect any significant differences between smokers and non‐smokers in contrast to Betti et al (22) who observed significant differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cigarette smoking on the antioxidant defence in young healthy male volunteers

Charalabopoulos

Assimakopoulos

Karkabounas

et al. 2004

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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Cigarette smoking induces a significant oxidant effect related to variety of free radical-related diseases often affecting the upper respiratory tract, unless it is effectively compensated by the antioxidant barriers of the humans. In the present study, the evaluation of the antioxidant compensatory mechanisms, by estimating the antioxidant capacity of extracellular defence (saliva and plasma) and the intracellular resistance of peripheral lymphocytes to oxidative stress in young healthy smokers, was investigated. Twenty young healthy male smokers and 20 age-matched non-smokers with similar dietary profiles were enrolled in the study. Total saliva and plasma samples were collected from both groups, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lag time were estimated. The latter was also repeated in smokers just after a cigarette smoking. Peripheral lymphocytes isolated from the subjects of both groups were also tested for their inherent DNA damage as well as for their ability to resist H2O2-induced DNA damage by using the comet assay. TAC of plasma was found significantly higher in smokers compared to non-smokers (p <0.004), whereas no difference was recorded in plasma lag time values. Lymphocytes of smokers manifested a significantly decreased oxidant resistance (increased DNA fragmentation) to H2O2, in comparison to non-smokers. Our results indicate that young smokers do not manifest different salivary antioxidant defence than non-smokers. They exhibit, however, a higher plasma antioxidant capacity, but a significantly reduced ability of blood lymphocytes, to resist to H2O2-induced DNA damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cigarette smoking on the antioxidant defence in young healthy male volunteers

Charalabopoulos

Assimakopoulos

Karkabounas

et al. 2004

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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“…This was demonstrated by various analyzed parameters, including the uric acid molecule (which is considered responsible for no less than 70% of the salivary antioxidant potential (25)(26)(27) and the two general salivary antioxidant analyses performed-TAS and ImAnOx. Concurrently we report, for the first time, that salivary MMPs are reduced in JIA and more so following anti-TNF therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Antioxidants and Metalloproteinases in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Brik

Rosen

Savulescu

et al. 2009

Mol Med

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Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common autoimmune inflammatory disease in children; joint inflammation is the hallmark of the disease. Thirty-five children with JIA were studied, of whom 26 had active disease and 14 were receiving anti-TNF therapy (5 with Infliximab, 9 with Etanercept). Sixteen healthy controls also were studied. Saliva samples were obtained for analysis of anti-oxidant status, metalloproteinases (MMPs) and sialochemistry. The total antioxidant status was significantly higher in the saliva of all JIA patients, whether treated (P = 0.014) or not treated (P = 0.038) with anti-TNF agents. The increase in antioxidant status (TAS) in the saliva of the active patients was nearly two times higher than that of non-active patients (P = 0.01). MMP levels were significantly lower in JIA patients than in controls. MMP-9, MMP-3 and MMP-2 were lower in JIA patients without anti-TNF treatment by 36.7% (P = 0.01), 30.0% (P = 0.0001) and 10.7% (P = 0.0001), respectively. A greater reduction in MMP levels was observed in the group of patients treated with anti-TNF drugs: MMP-9, MMP-3 and MMP-2 were lower than in controls by 51.1% (P = 0.0001), 61.5% (P = 0.0001) and 55.4% (P = 0.0001), respectively. Children with JIA exhibited a significantly higher salivary antioxidant activity and significantly lower MMP levels. Anti-TNF treatment was associated with a further decrease in MMP levels in the saliva of JIA patients while an active state of JIA was associated with a further increase in the salivary antioxidant activity. Anti-TNF treatment may modulate the degradation process during the course of arthritis by inhibition of the activity of MMP .

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“…Cigarette smoke contains free radicals, which can damage tissues [1, 2]. Saliva plays a role in the general defense system of the oral environment, and in addition to antioxidants, it contains immunoglobulins, antibacterial enzymes, and growth factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimolecular Salivary Mucin Complex Is Altered in Saliva of Cigarette Smokers: Detection of Disulfide Bridges by Raman Spectroscopy

Taniguchi

Iizuka²,

Murata³

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Saliva contains mucins, which protect epithelial cells. We showed a smaller amount of salivary mucin, both MG1 and MG2, in the premenopausal female smokers than in their nonsmoking counterparts. Smokers' MG1, which contains almost 2% cysteine/half cystine in its amino acid residues, turned out to be chemically altered in the nonsmoker's saliva. The smaller acidic glycoprotein bands were detectable only in smoker's saliva in the range of 20–25 kDa and at 45 kDa, suggesting that degradation, at least in part, caused the reduction of MG1 mucin. This is in agreement with the previous finding that free radicals in cigarette smoke modify mucins in both sugar and protein moieties. Moreover, proteins such as amylase and albumin are bound to other proteins through disulfide bonds and are identifiable only after reduction with DTT. Confocal laser Raman microspectroscopy identified a disulfide stretch band of significantly stronger intensity per protein in the stimulated saliva of smokers alone. We conclude that the saliva of smokers, especially stimulated saliva, contains significantly more oxidized form of proteins with increased disulfide bridges, that reduces protection for oral epithelium. Raman microspectroscopy can be used for an easy detection of the damaged salivary proteins.

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Total reactive antioxidant potential in human saliva of smokers and non‐smokers

Cited by 37 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of cigarette smoking on the antioxidant defence in young healthy male volunteers

Effects of cigarette smoking on the antioxidant defence in young healthy male volunteers

Salivary Antioxidants and Metalloproteinases in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Multimolecular Salivary Mucin Complex Is Altered in Saliva of Cigarette Smokers: Detection of Disulfide Bridges by Raman Spectroscopy

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