Total plasma antioxidant capacity is not always decreased in sepsis

Pascual, Carlos; Karzai, Waheedullah; Meier‐Hellmann, Andreas; Oberhoffer, M.; Horn, Anton; Bredle, Donald L.; Reinhart, Konrad

doi:10.1097/00003246-199804000-00019

Cited by 76 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This effect of endotoxin has been found to be correlated with decreased total antioxidant capacity and blood levels of several antioxidants such as α-tocopherol, retinol, vitamin E, vitamin C and β-carotene in humans with sepsis and septic shock [1][2][3][4] . It has also been reported that although total antioxidant capacity was decreased in patients with sepsis, it was increased in patients with septic shock [5] . Increased xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity has also been reported in patients with sepsis suggesting increased production of ROS [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Among RNS, nitric oxide (NO) derived from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is considered to be the major cause for systemic hypotension, vascular hyporeactivity, multiple organ failure and high mortality rate which is associated with septic shock [4][5][6][7] . Although the role of NO is controversial in tissue injury with oxidative DNA damage in endotoxemia, most of the clinical trials demonstrate that iNOS inhibitors may serve as a potentially effective pharmacological agents in alleviating endotoxin-induced decrease in antioxidant capacity and tissue injuries [1,4,7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Production of Nitric Oxide Contributes to Renal Oxidative Stress in Endotoxemic Rat

Tunçtan¹,

Korkmaz²,

Yı̇ldırım³

et al. 2005

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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Overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species leads to oxidative stress and decreased total antioxidant capacity, which is responsible for high mortality from several diseases such as endotoxic shock. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) during endotoxemia is the major cause of vascular hyporeactivity, hypotension and multiple organ failure. In this study, we investigated whether increased production of NO contributes to renal oxidative stress in endotoxemic rat. Saline (4 mL kg 1 , i.p.), endotoxin (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, O111:B4; 10 mg kg 1 , i.p.) and/or selective iNOS inhibitor (1,3-PBIT; 10 mg kg 1 , i.p.) were administered to conscious male Wistar rats and mean arterial blood pressure was recorded at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr after injection. Nitrite and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured in the sera and/or kidney homogenates at the end of the experiments. Administration of endotoxin caused hypotension associated with increased systemic and renal nitrite production. 1,3-PBIT prevented these effects of endotoxin at 1 hr after injection of endotoxin. Renal MPO activity was decreased by endotoxin which was not changed by 1,3-PBIT. Endotoxin caused a decrease in MDA levels in the renal tissue, which was prevented by 1,3-PBIT. These data suggest that overproduction of NO by iNOS during endotoxemia decreases renal oxidative stress and that inhibition of iNOS restores total renal antioxidant capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Production of Nitric Oxide Contributes to Renal Oxidative Stress in Endotoxemic Rat

Tunçtan¹,

Korkmaz²,

Yı̇ldırım³

et al. 2005

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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“…However, studies in adult population have shown contradictory results. Both lower [11] and higher [12][13][14] plasmatic antioxidant capacity have been reported in adult patients with SIRS and sepsis. These contradictory results can be explained by differences in the studied sample (total plasma, deproteinized plasma, or serum) and by the particular laboratory technique, which determines the relative contribution of each plasmatic antioxidant to the total antioxidant capacity [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric sepsis: a prospective observational pilot study

et al. 2016

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Objectives: Oxidative stress is known to participate in the progression of sepsis. Definite data regarding the behavior of oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric sepsis is still lacking. This study hypothesized that oxidative stress occurs in pediatric sepsis and that the magnitude of the redox derangement is associated with worse clinical progression. Methods: Forty-two previously healthy pediatric patients with sepsis and a group of control subjects were included. Oxidative stress and inflammatory activity biomarkers were determined in blood samples. Patients were prospectively followed until their discharge or death. Results: Patients with non-severe and severe sepsis showed higher levels of plasmatic antioxidant capacity, lower erythrocyte thiol index, lower superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, higher glutathione peroxidase activity, and higher plasmatic F 2 -isoprostanes concentration than controls. Patients with severe sepsis had higher NF-kappaB activation than those with non-severe sepsis. Although we observed changes in some biomarkers in patients with worse clinical evolution, the explored biomarkers did not correlate with clinical estimators of outcome. Discussion: Oxidative stress occurs in pediatric sepsis, resulting in oxidative damage. The explored biomarkers are not useful as outcome predictors in the studied population. The behavior of these biomarkers still needs to be addressed in broader groups of pediatric patients with sepsis.

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“…Increased levels of neopterin are a common finding in the course of infectious diseases (7)(8)(9)(10). Due to its stability in biological fluids such as serum or urine, neopterin has become a valuable diagnostic tool to assess the intensity of the cell-mediated immune response, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, correlations between neopterin levels and the state of disease were reported for multiple sclerosis (3), rheumatic fever (4), coeliac disease (5) or systemic lupus erythematosus (6). In addition, high neopterin concentrations in serum and urine have been reported to be a reliable indicator for the severity of infectious diseases (viral, bacterial, protozoic, parasitic, or fungi-induced infections) as well (7)(8)(9)(10). The specific nature of neopterin biosynthesis in human monocytes/macrophages signifies that neopterin is not only a marker for an activated cellular (= Th1-type) immune response but might interfere with biochemical mechanisms in the course of the host-defense reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Neopterin on Ciliary Beat Frequency of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells in vitro

Neher

Schobersberger²,

Augustijns³

et al. 2008

Pteridines

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Acute infectious diseases of the respiratory tract are regularly associated with increased concentrations of neopterin in serum and/or urine. Most likely, the pteridine compound is not only a marker of an activated cellular immune system but may exert distinct biochemical functions in the process of infections as well. In response to viral contact, macrophages located in the nasal mucosa may represent a source for neopterin in the nasal cavity with potential hazardous effects on ciliary beat frequency (CBF), thus promoting chronic infectious processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of neopterin at different concentrations (10 nM, 100 nM, and 100 µM) on CBF in human nasal epithelial cells in vitro. Samples were taken from the inferior nasal turbinate and incubated with neopterin dissolved in either aqua destillata or in sodium chloride (0.9%) at the given amounts for 2, 5, 10, and 20 min. In a preliminary set of experiments, neopterin inhibited CBF following the 5 and 10 min. incubation protocol, respectively. However, analyses of pooled data from 28 experiments using sodium chloride (0.9%) as solvent could not confirm these findings: in no setting a significant reduction of CBF was detected at the end of the 20 min. experimental procedure. Therefore, we conclude that neopterin most likely does not affect the mucociliary clearance defense mechanisms in the course of infections of the nasal respiratory tract.

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Total plasma antioxidant capacity is not always decreased in sepsis

Abstract: Although total plasma antioxidant capacity is decreased from normal levels in septic patients, an increase in some oxidants contributes to an increased total antioxidant capacity in septic shock patients.

Cited by 76 publications

References 39 publications

Increased Production of Nitric Oxide Contributes to Renal Oxidative Stress in Endotoxemic Rat

Increased Production of Nitric Oxide Contributes to Renal Oxidative Stress in Endotoxemic Rat

Oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric sepsis: a prospective observational pilot study

Influence of Neopterin on Ciliary Beat Frequency of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells in vitro

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