Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Distribution and Antioxidant Capacity in Skin, Pulp and Fruit Extracts of Plum Cultivars

Abstract

Total phenolic, total flavonoid distribution and antioxidant activity in skin, pulp and fruit extracts of 12 plum cultivars were investigated. The results showed that the levels of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds changed depending on cultivars and fruit parts. The total phenolic content in skin was 4.5 times higher than that in pulp and 3.2 times higher than that in the whole fruit. The total flavonoid content in skin was 18.7 times higher than that in pulp and 9.6 times higher than that in the whole fruit. As the trend observed for antioxidant activity, a positive relationship (correlation coefficient r 2 = 0.83-0.92) was presented between total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity. The results confirm that plum is a good source of natural phenolic antioxidants. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe present study indicated that plum can contribute to the dietary intake of antioxidants, depending on cultivars and fruit parts. It is among the few studies investigating the distribution of total phenolic, total flavonoids and total antioxidant capacity in the skin, pulp and fruit of plum cultivars. It was observed that the highest values of total phenolic and flavonoid content were obtained from skin extracts. The study highlighted that phenolics and flavonoids in plums may play an important role as radical-scavenging agents that could be used for a healthy human life. This fact may open new perspectives for plumbesides its traditional uses -to be used in assuring a wholesome diet and a healthy life.

Variation of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) Fruits at Different Stages of Ripening

“…The capacity of scavenging of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical was monitored according to the method reported by Cosmulescu et al (2015). Anti-oxidant capacity was expressed in mg ascorbic acid equivalents per 100g (mg acid ascorbic /100g).…”

“…Total phenolics content in the extracts were colorimetrically determined with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent by using the method described by Cosmulescu et al (2015). The absorbance of mixture was measured at 765 nm using an Evolution 600 UV/VIS spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, USA).…”

“…Determination of flavonoids was done by aluminium nitrate colorimetric method described by Cosmulescu et al (2015). Quercetin was used for preparing the standard curve (0-100 mg/L).…”

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Walnut Pollen Samples

“…Total phenolics content in the extracts was determined calorimetrically with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent by using the method described by Cosmulescu et al (2015a). 5 mL Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (diluted 1:5 with ultrapure water) were added to 1 mL extract (diluted 1:20 with methanol) and stirred for one minute.…”

“…Additionally, pollen and catkins are considered by-products in walnut plantations. For these reasons and considering the large amount the method reported by Cosmulescu et al (2015a). Briefly, 50 µ L of sample extracts were mixed with 3 mL of methanolic solution containing DPPH radicals (40 mg/L).…”