Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Papaver rhoeas L. Organ Extracts Growing in Taounate Region, Morocco

Abstract

The objective of this study is to valorize Papaver rhoeas L. from the Taounate region of Morocco by determining the total polyphenol content (TPC), the total flavonoid content (TFC) and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of four organs. The quantification of TPC and TFC in root, stem, leaf and flower extracts (RE, SE, LE and FE, respectively) was estimated by the Folin–Ciocalteu reaction and the aluminum trichloride method, respectively. Two tests were used to assess antioxidant power: the DPPH test and TAC assay. The antimicrobial activity was studied against five pathogenic bacteria and yeast, using two methods: disk diffusion and microdilution. The TPC in LE and LF was twice as high as that in RE and SE (24.24 and 22.10 mg GAE/g, respectively). The TFC values in the four extracts were very close and varied between 4.50 mg QE/g in the FE and 4.38 mg QE/g in the RE. The LE and FE showed low DPPH values with IC50 = 0.50 and 0.52 mg/mL, respectively. The TAC measurement revealed the presence of a significant amount of antioxidants in the studied extracts, mainly in LE and FE (6.60 and 5.53 mg AAE/g, respectively). The antimicrobial activity results revealed significant activity on almost all of the tested strains. The MIC of FE and SE against E. coli 57 was 1.56 and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively, while against the S. aureus it was 50 and 25 mg/mL, respectively. The low MLC value (1.56 mg/mL) was recorded against E. coli 57 by RE and SE.

Total Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Leaves of Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. from Morocco

“…The calibration curve for quercetin and the regression equation, y = 11.786 + 0.0990, R 2 = 0.991, show that the flavonoid concentration equivalent to the quercetin concentrations of the hydroacetonic extract was equal to 0.067 ± 0.001 mg EQ/g, while the hydro-ethanolic resulted in 0.012 ± 0.001 mg EQ/g extract. The amount of total phenol and flavonoid content varies according on the plant part used [38]. In comparison with the result of another study carried out in Tunisia, where they were worked on the fruits of S. elaeagnifolium at different stages of ripening and with different solvents, the flavonoid contents of ethyl acetate extracts (61.09 ± 1.92 mg EQ/g extract), dichloromethane (34.17 ± 0.22 mg EQ/g extract), and methanol (17.62 ± 0.42 mg EQ/g extract) were determined for ripe fruits in this study.…”

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities and Acute Toxicity of Cedrus atlantica, Chenopodium ambrosioides and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Essential Oils

“…A lot of antibacterial infections can be effectively treated with aromatic and medicinal herbs [ 5 ], since they have no negative effects and contain a variety of secondary metabolites [ 6 ]. Moreover, herbal medicines continue to be the mainstay of therapy for major ailments in developing nations.…”

“…However, recent research has shown that antioxidants, which are used to combat free radicals, can also be utilized to treat some pathologies, including diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast, many illnesses, including carcinogenicity, can be brought on by the usage of synthetic antioxidants [ 5 , 8 ].…”

Protective effects of Althaea officinalis L. extract against N‐diethylnitrosamine‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats through antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, mitochondrial apoptosis and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways

“…Then, 2.5 mL of serial dilution of rutin (0.025, 0.037, 0.050, and 0.075 mg/mL) was added to the mixture and incubated again for 40 min at 37°C. Finally, the absorbance of the resulting mixture was read at a wavelength of 415 nm by spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Co., model number: UVmini 1240; Hmamou et al, 2022).…”