By understanding all the components of plants, especially medicinal ones,
our goal is to discover plant-derived alternatives to antibiotics. This
research aims to contribute to the knowledge of the biological activities
Mentha spicata (MS) extracts and their effects under different environmental
conditions. Hemolysis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial
activities were estimated of aqueous extracts of Mentha spicata. The
results showed that MS El Oued extract protected the erythrocytes from
hemolysis, while MS El Taref extract showed a lower protection capability.
The results showed high levels of anti-inflammatory activity from plants
found in the northeastern region (Tebessa and El Taref) compared to the
southeast region (El Oued). They showed that MS El Oued extract exhibited
higher analgesic activity (32.46%) compared to MS Tebessa, and MS El Taref
extracts (19.48 and 12.97%, respectively). The results showed the
antimicrobial activity, the inhibition diameter was between 17.4 - 25mm,
and the largest diameter of all extracts was recorded against Aspergillus
niger from the MS El Taref extract and the lowest against Staphylococcus
aureus from the MS El Oued extract. The MS El Taref extract had the highest
levels of activity against Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus and
the MS Tebessa extract had the highest levels against Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The activity levels against Candida
lipolytica, were found to be equal. In conclusion, the environmental
conditions had an influence on the bioactive substances present in the
plants. These bioactive substances directly influenced the biological
activities of the plant extracts.