Total phenolic and antioxidant bioaccessibilities of cookies enriched with bee pollen

Abstract

Pollen, the male reproductive cell of seeded plants, is the main source of protein in many creatures, especially honey bees (DeGrandi-Hoffman et al., 2012). Honeybees (Apis Mellifera) harvest the pollen from plant, stored on the back leg of bees and enrich it with salivary enzymes to obtain small granular grains called "bee pollen." These bee pollens are also named as "apicultural pollen," "corbicular pollen," and "bee collected pollen" (CarlosFuenmayor et al., 2014).Bee Pollen (BP) is known as one of the oldest nutritional supplements in history and contains almost all nourishing components for a diet and due to these qualities, it has been described as "only perfectly complete food" and "the world's best food product" in recent years (

Investigating the effect of red beetroot powder concentration and processing time on the bioactive compounds composition and antioxidant capacity of beetroot dark chocolate

“…Chocolate samples with 30% beetroot powder recorded the highest concentration of total polyphenols. Dundar et al 38 . and Mitrevski et al 13 .…”

“…Chocolate samples with 30% beetroot powder recorded the highest concentration of total polyphenols. Dundar et al 38 and Mitrevski et al 13 also reported an increase in the TPC in biscuits and cookies enriched with beetroot powder and bee pollen, respectively. These demonstrate the positive contribution of functional ingredients to the phenolic content of foods incorporated with these ingredients.…”

Cookies Fortified with Lonicera japonica Thunb. Extracts: Impact on Phenolic Acid Content, Antioxidant Activity and Physical Properties

“…The addition of Tinospora cordifolia extracts increased the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, the ferric-reducing power (FRAP) and the total polyphenolic content of cookies [ 11 ]. Cookies with 10% level of bee pollen had a higher taste score, overall sensory score and antioxidant activity than that for control cookies [ 12 ]. Polat et al reported a 10% and 15% level of germinated lentil extracts increased the hardness and flexibility of crackers [ 13 ].…”

The Hidden Miracle in the Hive: Foods Enriched With Bee Pollen and Bee Bread

“…Arıların arka bacaklarında, tükürük veya nektarla nemlendirilen polenler biriktirilir (Bakkaloğlu, 2021;Habryka vd., 2021). Arıların tükürük enzimleriyle zenginleştirilen küçük tanelere, "arı poleni" denilmektedir (Dundar, 2021). Arı poleni, arıların tek protein kaynağı olması nedeniyle arı kolonisinin hayatta kalması açısından arılar ve beslenmeleri için oldukça önemlidir (Ertosun, 2020).…”

“…Tarihin en eski besin takviyelerinden biri olan arı poleni, hemen hemen tüm besleyici bileşenleri içerir. Bu nedenle dünyanın en iyi gıdası olarak tanımlanmıştır (Dundar, 2021).…”