Total parenteral nutrition in premature infants

Peden, Virginia H.; Karpel, John T.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(72)80393-7

Cited by 49 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The patients retained between 30 and 40% (average 35%) of N provided by complete formula, in agreement with earlier observations by Filler, Eraklis, Rubin, and Das (25) and by Peden and Karpel (26). When N was withdrawn, retention of four other elements (P, K, Na, Cl) virtually halted.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Elemental balances during intravenous hyperalimentation of underweight adult subjects.

Rudman¹,

Millikan²,

Richardson³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

198

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A B S T R A C T Intravenous hyperalimentation was done in 11 underweight adults whose body weight (body wt) was less than 85% of ideal. For the first 6 days, "complete formula" was infused furnishing per kilogram ideal body wt per day: 15 g glucose, 0.40 g N, 0.018 g P, 2.4 meq K, 3.0 meq Na, 2.3 meq Cl, 0.5 meq Mg, 0.45 meq Ca, and 50 ml H20. Patients gained weight at an average rate of 9.0 g/kg ideal body wt/day and showed average balances/kilogram ideal body wt/day as follows: + 0.14 g N; + 0.012 g P; + 0.43 meq K; + 0.49 meq Na; + 0.37 meq Cl; and + 0.085 meq Ca. Application of standard equations to the elemental balances indicated weight gain consisted of 35-50% protoplasm, 35-50% extracellular fluid, 5-25% adipose tissue, and < 1% bone.Withdrawal of N, P, Na, or K impaired or abolished retention of other elements. Removal of N halted retention of P, K, Na, and Cl; withdrawal of K stopped retention of N and P; and removal of Na or P interrupted retention of all other elements. Weight gain continued at a rate of 1.4-3

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Elemental balances during intravenous hyperalimentation of underweight adult subjects.

Rudman¹,

Millikan²,

Richardson³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

198

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show abstract

“…The feasibility of producing normal growth and development in LBW infants with total parenteral nutrition was demonstrated in the early 1970s [97,98]. However, in these infants, both catheter-re lated and metabolic complications were more com mon than in older infants.…”

Section: Parenteral Nutrition In Low Birth Weight Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Infant Nutrition over the Past Quarter Century

Heird

1989

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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“…The feasibility of supplying complete requirements with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via centrally placed catheters has been reported (Driscoll et al, 1972;Peden and Karpel, 1972;MacMahon et al, 1975;Hall and Rhodes, 1976;Meng et al, 1977). Although most reports claimed benefits with these techniques all but one (Gunn et al, 1978) lacked proper controls.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Total parenteral nutrition in very low birthweight infants: A controlled trial

Yu¹,

James²,

Hendry³

et al. 1979

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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SUMMARY 34 preterm infants with birthweights < 1200 g were randomly assigned to total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or oral (Milk) feeding regimens for the first 2 weeks after birth. Infants in the TPN group were started on a modified Vamin-based glucose amino-acid infusion and Intralipid. The daily amounts of carbohydrate, amino-acids, and fat infusions were increased. In the Milk group, infants were started on intermittent gavage feeding, supplemented with a glucose-electrolyte infusion as necessary. The overall mortality rate did not differ in the two groups. Four infants in the Milk group developed necrotising enterocolitis but none did in the TPN group. Despite mean daily energy intakes which were not greatly different, there were much higher mean daily intakes of carbohydrate and protein in the TPN group compared with the Milk group. Fat intake in the TPN group was lower than in the Milk group in the 1st week because of neonatal jaundice which contraindicated the use of Intralipid. There was no difference in the mean daily fat intake by the 2nd week. Although mean daily weight loss in the 1st week and the maximum postnatal weight loss in the two groups were similar, infants in the TPN group had a greater mean daily weight gain in the 2nd week and took less time to regain and maintain birthweight. Metabolic complications were equally common in both groups and were reversible with early recognition. Limits of tolerance for water and most nutrients tended to be variable and the nutritional programme had to be adjusted for each baby. Nevertheless, we found that TPN, when properly managed, is an effective and safe procedure in very low birthweight infants.

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Total parenteral nutrition in premature infants

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Elemental balances during intravenous hyperalimentation of underweight adult subjects.

Elemental balances during intravenous hyperalimentation of underweight adult subjects.

Advances in Infant Nutrition over the Past Quarter Century

Total parenteral nutrition in very low birthweight infants: A controlled trial

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