Total number albedo and average cosine of the polar angle of low-energy photons reflected from water

Abstract

The total number albedo and average cosine of the polar angle for water and initial photon energy range from 20 keV to 100 keV are presented in this pa per. A water shield in the form of a thick, homogenous plate and per pendicular incidence of the monoenergetic photon beam are assumed. The results were obtained through Monte Carlo simulations of photon reflection by means of the MCNP computer code. Calculated values for the total number albedo were compared with data previously published and good agreement was confirmed. The dependence of the average cosine of the polar angle on energy is studied in detail. It has been found that the total average cosine of the polar angle has values in the narrow interval of 0.66-0.67, approximately corresponding to the reflection angle of 48°, and that it does not depend on the initial photon energy

Photon scattering and reflection in medical diagnostic energy domain

“…The re sults pre sented in this pa per are an outcome of a sys tem atic re search of low-en ergy pho ton re flec tion car ried out over the last sev eral years at the Vin~a In sti tute of Nu clear Sci ences. Some re sults have al ready been partly pub lished [7][8][9]. The val ues for the num ber and spec tral albedo used in this pa per have been de ter mined by Monte Carlo sim u la tions of photon re flec tion and done by the FOTELP code [10].…”