TOTAL LIPID PRODUCTION OF THE GREEN ALGA <i>NANNOCHLOROPSIS</i> SP. QII UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN REGIMES<sup>1</sup>

Suen, Yu; Hubbard, J. S.; Holzer, G.; Tornabene, T. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.1987.tb04137.x

Cited by 171 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…TAG abundance has been shown to increase progressively from 9 to 40"h of total lipids in cultures of Nannochloropsis salina and Pavlova lutheri during the HC: hydrocarbons; WE: wax esters stationary phase (Emdadi & Berland 1989). Suen et al (1987) reported higher levels of TAG In nitrogen-def~clent cultures of Nannochloropsis (79 % of total lip~ds).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell lysis and release of particulate polysaccharides in extensive marine mucilage assessed by lipid biomarkers and molecular probes

Baldi¹,

Minacci²,

Saliot³

et al. 1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT-During the massive mucllage event in the northern Adriatic Sea in July 1991 samples of macroaggregate were fixed in different ways: with formaldehyde, deep frozen and freeze-dried. Conventional microscopy (light and epifluorescence) revealed different autotrophic species embedded in gelatinous matl-ix. Cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria were also identified. Scanning confocal laser microscopy (SCLMI and fluorescent m o l e c~~l a r probes (the lectins concanavalin A and UEA-I) showed wall-free cytoplasm and particulate polysacchar~des leaklng from the envelopes of broken cells in the matrix. The extensive cell lysis was supported by the observation of cytoplasn1-free cytoskeletons, stained by the molecular probe phalloidin High concentrations of triglycerides (30Y0 of total lipids) and free fatty aclds (22'2%) along with very low concentrations of phospholipids ( 2 % ) also indicated massive cell degradation in freeze-dried material. The mucllage observations were compared with those of a natural plankton community grown under hlgh nutrlent conditions using the same techniques. Free polysaccharides were observed as globular flocs (marine snow) during in situ enrichment experiments and inti-acellular polysaccharides as carbon storage materials In autotrophic organisms. No strings, filaments, layers, cell lysis or lipid classes indicating strong cell biodeterioration were observed in a 1 mo controlled experiment during a n algal bloom.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell lysis and release of particulate polysaccharides in extensive marine mucilage assessed by lipid biomarkers and molecular probes

Baldi¹,

Minacci²,

Saliot³

et al. 1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Moreover, nitrogen deficient and light saturating conditions of growth of Nannochloropsis sp. resulted in very high proportions (50-79%) of TG in total lipids (Suen et al, 1987;Sukenik et al, 1989). As cells were harvested during the stationary phase, it is most likely that nutrient deficiency was responsible for the high TG content (84% of total lipids) of N. salina cells used for the present study.…”

Section: Lipid Composition Of N Salinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments

Caradec

Grossi

Gilbert

et al. 2004

Organic Geochemistry

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. Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments. Organic Geochemistry, Elsevier, 2004, vol. 35, pp. 277-287. <10.1016/j.orggeochem.2003 This is an author-deposited version published in: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID: 6101 Abstract Sediment cakes, supplemented with microalgal cells (Nannochloropsis salina), were incubated for 35 days under permanently oxic, oscillating (5d:5d changeover oxic/anoxic) and strictly anoxic conditions of oxygenation in diffusively ''open'' sedimentary systems. Total lipids (T Lip ) and triacylglycerols (TG) concentrations were monitored by thin layer chromatography-flame ionisation detection, whereas the concentrations of the main extractable (free+ester-bound) individual fatty acids (C 16:0 , C 16:1 , C 18:1 ) were followed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Under the three conditions of oxygenation, TOC, T Lip and TG showed a sharp decrease in concentration during the early days of incubation and seemed to stabilise thereafter, defining an apparent non degradable fraction (G NR ). The G NR content was systematically higher in the anoxic incubation than under the oxic and oscillating conditions. The ratio of the main hydrolysis products of TG versus TG [(Free fatty acids+Monoacylglycerols+1,2-Diacylglycerols)/TG], used as an indicator of the hydrolysis of TG, showed that the presence of oxygen in the sediments (oxic and oscillating conditions) stimulates the hydrolysis of TG and the subsequent degradation of their metabolites. Unlike TOC, T Lip and TG, individual fatty acids (FA) showed a continuous concentration decrease until the end of the experiment, which was fitted with a simple first order model [G (t) ) incubations, and no significant difference between individual FA could be observed. The production of saturated and monounsaturated C 16 (and to a lesser extent C 18 ) alkanols under oscillating and anoxic redox conditions suggested that (a part of) the dominant FA were reduced to the corresponding alcohols under anoxic conditions, following their release from acylglycerols.

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“…De novo biosynthesis and conversion of certain existing membrane polar lipids into triacylglycerols may contribute to the overall increase in TAG. As a result, TAGs may account for as much as 80% of the total lipid content in the cell (Kathen, 1949;KlyachkoGurvich, 1974;Suen et al, 1987;Tonon et al, 2002;Tornabene et al, 1983).…”

Section: Lipid and Triacylglycerol Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances

et al. 2008

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SummaryMicroalgae represent an exceptionally diverse but highly specialized group of micro-organisms adapted to various ecological habitats. Many microalgae have the ability to produce substantial amounts (e.g. 20-50% dry cell weight) of triacylglycerols (TAG) as a storage lipid under photo-oxidative stress or other adverse environmental conditions. Fatty acids, the building blocks for TAGs and all other cellular lipids, are synthesized in the chloroplast using a single set of enzymes, of which acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) is key in regulating fatty acid synthesis rates. However, the expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis is poorly understood in microalgae. Synthesis and sequestration of TAG into cytosolic lipid bodies appear to be a protective mechanism by which algal cells cope with stress conditions, but little is known about regulation of TAG formation at the molecular and cellular level. While the concept of using microalgae as an alternative and renewable source of lipid-rich biomass feedstock for biofuels has been explored over the past few decades, a scalable, commercially viable system has yet to emerge. Today, the production of algal oil is primarily confined to high-value specialty oils with nutritional value, rather than commodity oils for biofuel. This review provides a brief summary of the current knowledge on oleaginous algae and their fatty acid and TAG biosynthesis, algal model systems and genomic approaches to a better understanding of TAG production, and a historical perspective and path forward for microalgae-based biofuel research and commercialization.

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TOTAL LIPID PRODUCTION OF THE GREEN ALGA NANNOCHLOROPSIS SP. QII UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN REGIMES¹

Cited by 171 publications

References 19 publications

Cell lysis and release of particulate polysaccharides in extensive marine mucilage assessed by lipid biomarkers and molecular probes

Cell lysis and release of particulate polysaccharides in extensive marine mucilage assessed by lipid biomarkers and molecular probes

Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments

Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances

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TOTAL LIPID PRODUCTION OF THE GREEN ALGA NANNOCHLOROPSIS SP. QII UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN REGIMES1

Cited by 171 publications

References 19 publications

Cell lysis and release of particulate polysaccharides in extensive marine mucilage assessed by lipid biomarkers and molecular probes

Cell lysis and release of particulate polysaccharides in extensive marine mucilage assessed by lipid biomarkers and molecular probes

Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments

Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances

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TOTAL LIPID PRODUCTION OF THE GREEN ALGA NANNOCHLOROPSIS SP. QII UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN REGIMES¹