Total daily sleep duration and the risk of dementia: a prospective population‐based study

Benito‐León, Julián; Bermejo‐Pareja, Félix; Vega, Saturio; Louis, Elan D.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02618.x

Cited by 118 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…p for quadratic regression 00.179; <4-7.9 h: p for trend 00.500; 7-≥10 h: p for trend00.006 has been adjusted for age, gender, years of education, smoking habit, regular alcohol, tea and coffee consumption, insomnia, depression (GDS≧8), psychotropic medications, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, and habitual snoring. Our observations were consistent with the work of others who have revealed that cognitive deficit was associated with longer sleep duration (Faubel et al 2009;Benito-Leon et al 2009;Schmutte et al 2007). It is uncertain whether it is the co-existing morbidities, for which we have adjusted as far as possible, or the poor sleep quality associated with cognitive decline that prolonged sleep duration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Some reported poor cognition in older persons sleeping for longer duration (Faubel et al 2009;Benito-Leon et al 2009;Schmutte et al 2007) while others demonstrated the opposite (Ohayon and Vecchierini 2005;Tworoger et al 2006). Kronholm et al (2009), furthermore, has revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and cognitive function in the general population, while Xu et al (2011) have recently reported a similar relationship in older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive deficit is associated with phase advance of sleep–wake rhythm, daily napping, and prolonged sleep duration—a cross-sectional study in 2,947 community-dwelling older adults

Auyeung

Lee

Leung

et al. 2012

AGE

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This study aims to examine the phase advance of sleep-wake rhythm, napping habit, nocturnal sleep duration, prolonged sleep latency and insomnia and their relationship with cognitive function. This is a crosssectional study. Participants in this study are 2,947 community-dwelling adults older than 65 years old.Measurements of mini-mental examination (MMSE) score, go-to-bed time, wake-up time, nocturnal sleep duration, prolonged sleep latency, napping, and insomnia were done. The mean (standard deviation) nocturnal sleep hours was 7.96 (1.39) h. Twenty-one percent and 16.2% of the participants complained of prolonged sleep latency longer than 1 h and insomnia, respectively. Fiftysix percent of the participants napped once or more than once weekly. With advancing age, the participants reported longer sleep duration (p<0.001), went to bed earlier, and woke up earlier, which were significant both before and after adjustment. The participants who had lower MMSE score went to bed earlier and woke up earlier, which were statistically significant both before and after adjustment. An inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between MMSE score and napping frequency, p for tend 0.026.The MMSE score decreased when the sleep duration prolonged from 7 h to ≧10 h (p for trend 0.006). No trend was observed from the sleep duration <4 up to 7.9 h (p for trend 0.500). Modest ageindependent phase advance of the sleep-wake rhythm is associated with lower cognitive function. Whether this is a manifestation of early pre-clinical dementia and whether its recognition with early stabilization can slow cognitive decline remain elusive.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive deficit is associated with phase advance of sleep–wake rhythm, daily napping, and prolonged sleep duration—a cross-sectional study in 2,947 community-dwelling older adults

Auyeung

Lee

Leung

et al. 2012

AGE

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“…37-MMSE) were associated with potential confounding variables. The 37-MMSE was correlated with age (r S = −0.297, p < 0.001), gender (mean ± SD [median] = 31.3 ± 5.5 [33] in men vs. 29.5 ± 4.8 [30] in women, Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.001), educational category (r S = 0.33, p < 0.001), subjective depressive symptoms (28.3 ± 4.9 [29] in those who responded "yes" vs. 30.7 ± 5.1 [32] in those who responded "no", Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.001). The 37-MMSE was marginally correlated with medications that could affect cognition (mean ± SD [median] = 29.4 ± 5.3 [30] in those taking a medication vs. 30.4 ± 5.0 [31] in those who do not take a medication, Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.12).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifically, the 37-MMSE was adopted to Chilean, Maltese, and Spanish socio-cultural backgrounds and then validated against clinical diagnoses of dementia [21,22,[30][31][32][33]. The 37-MMSE included all of the standard MMSE [30] items as well as three additional items: 1) an attention task, i.e., say 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 backwards; 2) a visual order, i.e., a man raising his arms; and 3) a simple construction task, i.e., copying two overlapping circles [21,22,[30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Neuropsychological Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins and Cognitive Functioning in the Elderly: A Population-Based Study

Benito-León

Louis

Vega³

et al. 2010

JAD

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Abstract. In a 2009 Cochrane review, the authors concluded that there is good evidence that statins, given in late life to people at risk of vascular disease, have no effect in preventing Alzheimer's disease or dementia. A related issue, which remains unclear, is whether statins improve cognitive function. While some studies have shown a beneficial effect of statins on cognitive function, others have observed mild detrimental effects on cognition. Our aim was to assess cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly participants treated with statins compared with their untreated counterparts (i.e., controls) living in the same population. 137 population-dwelling participants who were receiving statins and 411 matched controls age 65 years (median = 72 years) in central Spain (the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain [NEDICES] study) underwent a neuropsychological assessment, including tests of global cognitive performance, frontal-executive function, verbal fluency, and memory. Median duration of statin treatment was 2 years. Of 137 participants receiving statins, 53 (38.7%) were taking pravastatin, 38 (27.7%) simvastatin, 37 (27.0%) lovastatin, 6 (4.4%) fluvastatin, and 3 (2.2%) atorvastatin. Although initial univariate analyses indicated some differences, after adjusting for age, gender, education, depressive symptoms, premorbid intelligence, medications that potentially affect cognitive function, and blood cholesterol levels, statin users and controls performed similarly on all neuropsychological tests. In this population-based sample, elderly participants treated with statins and untreated controls performed similarly in all tested cognitive areas. These results do not support a positive benefit of statins on cognition.

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“…In addition, dementia, sleep complaints, and sleep-related problems are known to increase with age (Wolkove et al 2007a, b;Bastos Leite et al 2004;Plassman et al 2007;Wu and Swaab 2007). Although there is sufficient evidence from humans and experimental animals on the association between sleep disorders and dementia, these topics have not yet been explored in the very elderly population (Rose et al 2010;Riegel and Weaver 2009;Yu et al 2009;Haimov et al 2008;Benito-León et al 2009;Hasan et al 2012). Therefore, it is important to clarify the association between sleep disorders and dementia in this age group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of sleep quality and dementia among long-lived Chinese older adults

Yue

Huang

Wang

et al. 2012

AGE

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In this study, we examined the existence of relationship between sleep quality and dementia in subjects aged 90 years and above. The sample included 216 men and 444 women. Dementia and sleep quality were measured with 30-item mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, respectively. Subjects with dementia had higher sleep quality score (7.83 ± 2.15 vs. 5.22 ± 2.49; P < 0.0001), longer sleep latency (50.97 ± 21.33 vs. 37.61 ± 12.53; P < 0.0001), and a lower sleep efficiency percentage (73.95 ± 8.783 vs. 81.32 ± 10.21; P < 0.0001) and more likely to report poor sleep quality (25.42 vs.17.13 %; P 0 0.035). Subjects with poor sleep quality had significantly lower MMSE scores (P 0 0.007) and higher prevalence of dementia (P 0 0.042). Multiple logistic regressions were performed by adjusting clinical factors that are thought to be associated with dementia or sleep quality. We found that poor sleep quality was a risk factor for dementia (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.719, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.138-2.597; adjusted OR 1.759, 95 % CI 1.012-3.057). There was no significant difference in MMSE scores (11.25 ± 3.40, 16.26 ± 5.14, and 15.43 ± 5.51; P 0 0.105) among participants with daily average sleep durations of <5, 5-9, and >9 h, respectively. Among Chinese nonagenarians and centenarians, dementia was correlated with poor sleep quality, longer sleep latency, and lower sleep efficiency percentage.

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Total daily sleep duration and the risk of dementia: a prospective population‐based study

Abstract: Prolonged sleep duration (night-time sleep and daytime napping) may be associated with an increased risk of dementia.

Cited by 118 publications

References 29 publications

Cognitive deficit is associated with phase advance of sleep–wake rhythm, daily napping, and prolonged sleep duration—a cross-sectional study in 2,947 community-dwelling older adults

Cognitive deficit is associated with phase advance of sleep–wake rhythm, daily napping, and prolonged sleep duration—a cross-sectional study in 2,947 community-dwelling older adults

Statins and Cognitive Functioning in the Elderly: A Population-Based Study

Association of sleep quality and dementia among long-lived Chinese older adults

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