Total Cholesterol and High-Density Lipoprotein Levels in Pediatric Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Maahs, David M.; Maniatis, Aristides K; Nadeau, Kristen J.; Wadwa, R. Paul; McFann, Kim; Klingensmith, Georgeanna J.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.04.068

Cited by 47 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown an association between albumin excretion and lipid parameters, including total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol (25,26). We found that levels of non-HDL cholesterol were significantly increased in subjects with higher ACR.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT): Urinary Screening and Baseline Biochemical and Cardiovascular Assessments

Marcovecchio¹,

Woodside

Jones

et al. 2014

Diabetes Care

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OBJECTIVEWe assessed the association between early increases in albumin excretion and cardiovascular (CV) and renal markers in a large cohort of young people with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAs part of preliminary screening for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial of statins/ACE inhibitors, we measured albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) in six early morning urine samples from 3,353 adolescents (10-16 years of age) and calculated tertiles based on an established algorithm. From those subjects deemed to be at higher risk (upper ACR tertile), we recruited 400 into the intervention study (trial cohort). From those subjects deemed to be at lower risk (middle-lower ACR tertiles), we recruited 329 to the observation cohort. At baseline, vascular measurements (carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity [PWV], flow-mediated dilatation, digital pulse amplitude tonometry), renal markers (symmetric dimethylarginine, cystatin C, creatinine), and CV disease markers (lipids and apolipoproteins [Apo] A-1 and B, C-reactive protein, asymmetric dimethylarginine) were assessed. RESULTSAge-and sex-adjusted PWV was higher in the trial than in the observational cohort (5.00 6 0.84 vs. 4.86 6 0.70 m/s; P = 0.021). Similarly, non-HDL cholesterol (2.95 6 0.83 vs. 2.81 6 0.78 mmol/L; P = 0.02) and ApoB-ApoA-1 ratio (0.50 6 0.14 vs. 0.47 6 0.11; P = 0.04) were higher in the trial cohort. Cystatin C and creatinine were decreased (0.88 6 0.13 vs. 0.90 6 0.13 mg/L, P = 0.04; 51.81 6 10.45 vs. 55.35 6 11.05 mmol/L, P < 0.001; respectively) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (137.05 6 23.89 vs. 129.31 6 22.41 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ; P < 0.001) increased in the trial compared with the observational cohort. CONCLUSIONSOur data demonstrate that in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, the group with the highest tertile of albumin excretion showed more evidence of early renal and CV disease than those in the lower tertiles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT): Urinary Screening and Baseline Biochemical and Cardiovascular Assessments

Marcovecchio¹,

Woodside

Jones

et al. 2014

Diabetes Care

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“…In agreement with other researchers 3,12,19 our data clearly indicate that TC, non-HDL and HDL are signifi cantly affected by chronic glycemic control, Values are expressed as mean (± SD).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The effect of BMI on non-HDL and HDL has been previously reported. 3,12,21 Even though the A1C is negatively correlated with HDL levels, the Black children had higher concentration of HDL at baseline and at the end of the study period. Historically Black children are known to have higher HDL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, in long standing type 1 diabetes (T1DM), there is an increased likelihood for atherosclerosis. 1,2 Amongst the reports on prevalence of abnormal lipid profi les in children with T1DM, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] there is only few on temporal trends. 12 Limited information is available on Black-White difference on lipid abnormalities in children with T1DM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Racial Disparities on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profiles in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Ashraf

Li²,

Franklin

et al. 2009

Clinical medicine. Endocrinology and diabetes

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Objective: We assessed the racial (Black-White) differences in glycemic control, prevalence of abnormal lipid profi les and factors infl uencing temporal trends in children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM).Methods: This retrospective study was done in children with T1DM. The outcome measure was based on glycemic control and all lipid determinations which were stratifi ed according to the published guidelines. Results:The study included 181 children; 76.2% Whites and 23.8% Blacks. The mean glycated hemoglobin (A1C) was higher in Blacks than in Whites (p Ͻ 0.0001). Blacks had elevated total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.0013), lower TC/HDL ratio (p Ͻ 0.0001) and higher concentration of HDL (Ͻ0.0001) when compared to Whites. The longitudinal analyses over a 5 year period showed changes in A1C signifi cantly associated with changes in the lipid profi les. The lipid profi les in Blacks were more altered by the trend in A1C with changes in the TC (p = 0.0079), non-HDL (p Ͻ 0.0001) and HDL (p Ͻ 0.0001).Conclusions: Black children with T1DM have poorer glycemic control. However they retained excellent levels of HDL when compared to Whites.

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“…Ateroskleroza počinje u djetinjstvu i udružena je s poznatim faktorima rizika: hiperlipidemijom, hipertenzijom, pušenjem, obiteljskom sklonošću bolestima srca i dijabetesom 62 . Terapija hiperlipidemije počinje s preporukama o smanjenju ukupnih i zasićenih masti u prehrani, a ako ne dođe do željenog uspjeha treba sagledati i upotrebu hipolipemičkih lijekova kao što su simvastatin, lovastatin i pravastatin 63 .…”

Section: Kronične Komplikacije šB-a Tipaunclassified

Type 1 diabetes mellitus in children

2016

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Sažetak. Šećerna bolest tipa 1 (ŠB) najčešća je endokrinološka bolest dječje dobi. Karakterizirana je deficitom inzulina koji nastaje zbog autoimunog uništenja β stanica gušterače. Javlja se u genetski predisponiranih osoba, a može biti potaknuta provocirajućim čimbenicima iz okoliša. Incidencija ŠB-a tipa 1 u djece je u porastu, u prvom redu u djece mlađe od 5 godina. Znakovi i simptomi bolesti razvijaju se brzo, obično u periodu kroz nekoliko tjedana. Tipični simptomi su poliurija, polidipsija, polifagija i gubitak na tjelesnoj težini. U nekih pacijenata inicijalni simptom početka ŠB-a tipa 1 je dijabetička ketoacidoza, po život opasno metaboličko stanje. Liječenje ŠB-a tipa 1 tijekom djetinjstva i adolescencije je kompleksno je i zahtjevno. Osnova liječenja pacijenata sa ŠB-om tipa 1 je inzulin. Postoji više različitih pripravaka inzulina i načina aplikacije inzulina. Intenzivirana terapija inzulinom u usporedbi s konvencionalnom terapijom poboljšava kontrolu glikemije i smanjuje dugoročne komplikacije ŠB-a. Važna komponenta u liječenju djece sa ŠB-om tipa 1 je pravilna prehrana. Glavni terapijski cilj je dobra kontrola glikemije (glikolizirani hemoglobin < 7,5 %) kako bi se spriječile kratkoročne i dugoročne komplikacije bolesti. Najčešće komplikacije bolesti u djece su hipoglikemija, hiperglikemija i dijabetička ketoacidoza.Ključne riječi: djeca; inzulin; liječenje; šećerna bolest tipa 1 Abstract. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic endocrine disease worldwide in children. It is characterised by autoimmune destruction of the β cells leading to insulin deficiency. This process occurs in genetically susceptible persons, and is probably triggered by one or more environmental factors. The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus is rising, especially in young children (age < 5 years). The signs and symptoms of disease in children usually develop quickly, over a period of a few weeks. Typical symptoms include polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. In some patients diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening metabolic state, can be the initial presentation of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes management is complex and challenging, particularly during childhood and adolescence. Insulin therapy is the mainstay in management of type 1 diabetes mellitus. There are many different insulin preparations and delivery systems available. Intensive insulin therapy compared with conventional therapy improves glycemic control and decreases long-term complications of diabetes. Another important issue in the management of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus includes nutrition. The main therapeuthic goal is good glycemic control of the disease (glycated haemoglobin <7,5 %) in order to prevent short and long term diabetic complications. The most common complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children include hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis.

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Total Cholesterol and High-Density Lipoprotein Levels in Pediatric Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 47 publications

References 9 publications

Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT): Urinary Screening and Baseline Biochemical and Cardiovascular Assessments

Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT): Urinary Screening and Baseline Biochemical and Cardiovascular Assessments

Racial Disparities on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profiles in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes mellitus in children

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