Total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in populations differing in fat and carbohydrate intake.

Knuiman, J.T.; West, C.E.; Katan, Martijn B.; Hautvast, J.G.A.J.

doi:10.1161/01.atv.7.6.612

Cited by 126 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…22,25 It may be due to the fact that the Indian studies included children only of upper and middle class of the society with no economic constraints and had an excess consumption of fat-rich food in their diets and the Turkish and Slovak children may have different genetic and nutritional factors such as intake of animal foods, carbohydrate, and high fiber consumption. 30 The comparatively lower levels of lipid profile in the current study from NCEP standards are consistent with the observation that developing countries have generally lower values than the developed world. 13 This is well explained by the difference in genetic makeup, environment, lifestyle, dietary habits and by the use of different techniques for assessment and even by the same technique in different laboratories.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Lipid profile in school children: study from a District of Uttar Pradesh, India

Bansal

Rathoria

Gupta

et al. 2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background:Lipid imbalance when diagnosed in childhood, can forecast the development of atherosclerosis in adulthood and its complications. Therefore, early detection of dyslipidemia should begin in childhood and it should lead to long-term prevention of atherosclerosis by controlling the risk factors. The Objectives of the study were to study lipid profile of children in the age group of 10-19 years and the prevalence of dyslipidemia among them.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in 300 children aged 10 to 19 years, of either sex, from schools of Barabanki. After getting consent from school authorities, children and their parents, a detailed history was taken with a pre-designed pro forma and fasting blood samples were analyzed for lipid profile.Results:Mean total cholesterol (TC) for boys and girls were 161.06±33.14 mg/dl and 164.68±33.53 mg/dl, LDL-C 99.35±27.41 mg/dl and 101.71±26.44 mg/dl, HDL-C 42.76±5.78 mg/dl and 43.93±5.68 mg/dl, VLDL-C 18.94±4.47 mg/dl and 19.04±4.97 mg/dl and triglycerides (TG) 94.69±22.34 mg/dl and 95.20±24.83 mg/dl respectively. Serum TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and HDL-C levels were higher in girls than in boys for all age groups. 26.55% boys and 25.20% girls had TC levels above 190 mg/dl. The overall results revealed that 26.0% of children had hypercholesterolemia.Conclusions:The study presents age- and sex-related findings about the dynamics of changes in serum lipid levels in children. Significant number of children had hypercholesterolemia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Lipid profile in school children: study from a District of Uttar Pradesh, India

Bansal

Rathoria

Gupta

et al. 2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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“…Previous studies have offered evidence that a high level of carbohydrate consumption may result in increase triglyceride levels 43 . Yet, besides the fact that this phenomenon was observed in short-term studies of six-months duration, other studies have not supported these findings 44,45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary content, and risk factors that cause a predisposition towards cardiovascular disease

Guedes¹,

Guedes²

2001

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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Objective -The consensus among specialists is that cardiovascular diseases are multifactorial in origin, resulting from socalled risk factors 1 . Once risk factors are understood to be causal agents resulting in a predisposition towards heart diseases, monitoring of these risk factors aids in the identification of signals that, if modified, may attenuate or even reverse the evolution of heart diseases.Compromising levels of plasma lipids-lipoproteins, high arterial pressure, and excessive fat/body weight ratios are considered biological risk factors of major significance in cardiovascular disease. These factors do not act alone but as a whole, causing an exponential rise in the possibility of cardiovascular accidents.Physical activity and appropriate dietary habits are considered major mechanisms for protection from the surge and progression of risk factors that cause a predisposition towards cardiovascular disease 2-6 . Therefore, differences regarding everyday performance of physical activity, levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, and dietary content have been frequently used in attempts to explain variations in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in different population groups [7][8][9][10] .Incentives to increase physical activity and use of an adequately balanced dietary regime have played a significant role in various programs aimed at the prevention and control of heart diseases. Yet, although capable of influencing risk factors by a multiplicity of interacting metabolic, functional, and morphologic adaptations, the relative contributions of effective physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and diet on risk factor variability ave not been clearly defined. Thus, studies aimed at the evaluation of the extent of these influences on specific segments of different populations are still required. It is expected that such a search will dentify, in a more explicit manner, preventive and therapeutic measures associated with cardiovascular diseases.The objective of the study was to search for an explanation for variations observed in information associated with biological risk factors that cause a predisposition

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“…The difference was signi®cant and can affect the outcome of our study. It is well known that a saturated fat diet increases total cholesterol and a fatty diet can raise high density cholesterol (Knuiman et al, 1987;Katan et al, 1994). However statistical analysis of covariance can easily adjust for this unexplained ®nding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary trans α-linolenic acid on plasma lipids and platelet fatty acid composition: the TransLinE study

et al. 2000

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; on behalf of the investigators of the TransLineE project { Objective: To collect (i) baseline data and (ii) execute a large multicentre study examining the effect of trans a-linolenic acid on its incorporation into plasma lipids and on risk factors for coronary heart disease. Design: Male volunteers were recruited and the habitual diet assessed by a 4-d weighed record. Fatty acid composition of plasma and platelet lipids were determined by gas chromatography at baseline. After a 6 week run-in period on a trans`free' diet, male volunteers were randomised to consume 0.6 % of energy trans a-linolenic acid or to continue with a diet`low' in trans a-linolenic acid for 6 weeks. Setting: Three European university research departments supported by the research and development departments of the food industry. Subjects: Male volunteers (88) recruited by local advertisement. Methods: Replacement of 30 % of the fat of the habitual diet by margarine, oil and foods. Rapeseed oil was deodorised especially to produce the trans`free' and`high' trans foods for this study. The incorporation and conversion of trans a-linolenic acid into plasma lipids and platelets was assessed by gas chromatography and dietary compliance was veri®ed by 4-d weighed record. Results: Less trans a-linolenic acid isomers are incorporated into human plasma lipids in French volunteers than in Dutch or Scottish volunteers consuming their habitual diets. Trans`free' a-linolenic acid-rich oil can be produced by careful deodorization during re®ning. The`high' trans diet provided 1410AE 42 mg/d trans isomers of a-linolenic acid, whilst the`low' trans group consumed 60 AE 75 mg/d. The change in plasma lipid and platelet fatty acid composition documented that trans linolenic isomers are incorporated and converted to a trans isomer of eicosapentaenoic acid. Only the 15-trans a-linolenic acid is incorporated into plasma cholesteryl esters. The group consuming low trans diet had a slightly higher intake of fat, especially saturated and monounsaturated fat. Conclusions: Trans`free' rapeseed oil, rich in a-linolenic acid, can be produced by careful deodorization. Dietary records show good compliance. Dietary trans isomers of a-linolenic acid are incorporated in plasma lipids and converted to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Their effects on risk factors for coronary heart disease and their metabolism will be reported elsewhere. Sponsorship: European Commission (FAIR 95-0594 grant).

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Total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in populations differing in fat and carbohydrate intake.

Cited by 126 publications

References 12 publications

Lipid profile in school children: study from a District of Uttar Pradesh, India

Lipid profile in school children: study from a District of Uttar Pradesh, India

Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary content, and risk factors that cause a predisposition towards cardiovascular disease

The effect of dietary trans α-linolenic acid on plasma lipids and platelet fatty acid composition: the TransLinE study

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