Total body composition by dual-photon (153Gd) absorptiometry

Mazess, Richard B.; Peppler, W.; Gibbons, M. David

doi:10.1093/ajcn/40.4.834

Cited by 143 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Following an overnight fast, body weight was measured to ±0.2 kg, height to ± 0.5cm, total body fat percent was measured bI: dual-photon absorptiometry (DPA) using either 53Gd (Lunar DP4) or X-ray (Lunar-DPX) as the photon source (25,26). The differences between the two systems were rationalized by a linear regression equation: fat percent by DPX = 2.21 + 0.95 x fat percent by DPA (36).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons for Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percent Among Puerto Ricans, Blacks, Whites and Asians Living in the New York City Area

et al. 1996

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Health Statistics (NCHS) show that the black population has the highest proportion of overweight among all adult populations in the United States. The present study compared the body mass index (BMI) and body fat percent from dual-photon absorptiometry in 1,324 healthy adults aged 18 to 107 years recruited from four ethnic groups in the New York City area; 523 whites, 280 blacks, 267 Asians and 254 Puerto Ricans. Puerto Ricans had the largest BMI and the largest percent of subjects with body weight more than 120% of their ideal weight, and the largest fat percent of the four ethnic groups: 76% of Puerto Rican males had fat percent above the median value for white males (fat percent = 19.6%) and 95% of Puerto Rican females had fat percent above the median for white females (fat percent =30.8%). Asians had the smallest BMI, but 63% of them had fat percent above the median values for whites in each gender. Puerto Ricans also had the largest waist-to-hip ratios among the four ethnic groups. In blacks, the percent of subjects with fat percent larger than the median for whites was slightly smaller than that for Puerto Ricans, 64 % and 82% of males and females respectively. These results differ from the latest NCHS data and show that Puerto Ricans in this sample are heavier and fatter than blacks.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons for Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percent Among Puerto Ricans, Blacks, Whites and Asians Living in the New York City Area

et al. 1996

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“…M bone . Assuming an average skeletal mineral mass of 3,000 g (29) and a Ca content in bone mineral of 32.2% (30), we estimate that ∼1,000 ± 100 g Ca is stored in the average human skeleton. F bone .…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidly assessing changes in bone mineral balance using natural stable calcium isotopes

Morgan

Skulan

Gordon

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

104

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The ability to rapidly detect changes in bone mineral balance (BMB) would be of great value in the early diagnosis and evaluation of therapies for metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis and some cancers. However, measurements of BMB are hampered by difficulties with using biochemical markers to quantify the relative rates of bone resorption and formation and the need to wait months to years for altered BMB to produce changes in bone mineral density large enough to resolve by X-ray densitometry. We show here that, in humans, the natural abundances of Ca isotopes in urine change rapidly in response to changes in BMB. In a bed rest experiment, use of high-precision isotope ratio MS allowed the onset of bone loss to be detected in Ca isotope data after about 1 wk, long before bone mineral density has changed enough to be detectable with densitometry. The physiological basis of the relationship between Ca isotopes and BMB is sufficiently understood to allow quantitative translation of changes in Ca isotope abundances to changes in bone mineral density using a simple model. The rate of change of bone mineral density inferred from Ca isotopes is consistent with the rate observed by densitometry in long-term bed rest studies. Ca isotopic analysis provides a powerful way to monitor bone loss, potentially making it possible to diagnose metabolic bone disease and track the impact of treatments more effectively than is currently possible.osteopenia | biomarker | medical geology | biosignature | spaceflight

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“…FFM was measured using whole-body DXA (Hologic QDR-4500 1 instrument, Enhanced Whole Body 8.26a software version; Hologic Inc. Waltham, MA, USA). The precision of the measurements is 1.0 and 2.0% for the FFM and FM, respectively (Mazess et al, 1990;Slosman et al, 1992). The effective total body radiation dose is 5.2 mSv (Blake et al, 1996;Lewis et al, 1994).…”

Section: Body Composition Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related differences in fat-free mass, skeletal muscle, body cell mass and fat mass between 18 and 94 years

et al. 2001

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Objective: To determine (1) lean and fat body compartments, re¯ected by fat-free mass (FFM), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), body cell mass (BCM), total body potassium (TBK), fat mass and percentage fat mass, and their differences between age groups in healthy, physically active subjects from 18 to 94 y of age; and (2) if the rate of decrease in any one of the parameters by age might be accelerated compared to others. Methods: A total of 433 healthy ambulatory Caucasians (253 men and 180 women) aged 18 ± 94 y were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and whole body scintillation counter (TBK counter) using a large sodium iodide crystal (203 mm diameter). Results: The ASMM change (716.4 and 712.3% in men and women, respectively) in b 75 y-old compared to 18 to 34-y-old subjects was greater than the FFM change (711.8 and 79.7% in men and women, respectively) and this suggests that skeletal muscle mass decrease in older subjects was proportionally greater than non-skeletal muscle mass. BCM (725.1 and 723.2% in men and women, respectively) and TBK differences were greater than the differences in FFM or ASMM suggesting altered composition of FFM in older subjects. Women had lower peak FFM, ASMM, BCM and TBK than men. Conclusions: The decline in FFM, ASMM, BCM and TBK is accelerated in men and women after 60 y of age and FFM, ASMM, BCM and TBK are signi®cantly lower than in younger subjects. Fat mass continued to increase until around 75 y. Sponsorship: Foundation Nutrition 2000Plus, Geneva, Switzerland. Descriptors: dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); total body potassium (TBK); fat-free mass; appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM); body cell mass (BCM); fat mass.

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Total body composition by dual-photon (153Gd) absorptiometry

Cited by 143 publications

References 13 publications

Comparisons for Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percent Among Puerto Ricans, Blacks, Whites and Asians Living in the New York City Area

Comparisons for Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percent Among Puerto Ricans, Blacks, Whites and Asians Living in the New York City Area

Rapidly assessing changes in bone mineral balance using natural stable calcium isotopes

Age-related differences in fat-free mass, skeletal muscle, body cell mass and fat mass between 18 and 94 years

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