Total average blood flow and angiography in the rat retina

Srinivasan, Vivek J.; Radhakrishnan, Harsha

doi:10.1117/1.jbo.18.7.076025

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…36 Other investigators used a volumetric scanning protocol that asynchronously samples a single vessel with respect to the heartbeat, thus determining the averaged total blood flow. 37 However, to which degree it is useful to study total retinal blood flow in the rat is unclear. In humans, total retinal blood flow shows a wide range in healthy subjects 10 and it is doubtful whether absolute blood flow measurements can be used for risk stratification in ocular disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of retinal blood flow in the rat by combining Doppler Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography with fundus imaging

et al. 2014

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Abstract. A wide variety of ocular diseases are associated with abnormalities in ocular circulation. As such, there is considerable interest in techniques for quantifying retinal blood flow, among which Doppler optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be the most promising. We present an approach to measure retinal blood flow in the rat using a new optical system that combines the measurement of blood flow velocities via Doppler Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography and the measurement of vessel diameters using a fundus camera-based technique. Relying on fundus images for extraction of retinal vessel diameters instead of OCT images improves the reliability of the technique. The system was operated with an 841-nm superluminescent diode and a charge-coupled device camera that could be operated at a line rate of 20 kHz. We show that the system is capable of quantifying the response of 100% oxygen breathing on the retinal blood flow. In six rats, we observed a decrease in retinal vessel diameters of 13.2% and a decrease in retinal blood velocity of 42.6%, leading to a decrease in retinal blood flow of 56.7%. Furthermore, in four rats, the response of retinal blood flow during stimulation with diffuse flicker light was assessed. Retinal vessel diameter and blood velocity increased by 3.4% and 28.1%, respectively, leading to a relative increase in blood flow of 36.2%. The presented technique shows much promise to quantify early changes in retinal blood flow during provocation with various stimuli in rodent models of ocular diseases in rats. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of retinal blood flow in the rat by combining Doppler Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography with fundus imaging

et al. 2014

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“…Alternatively, label-free ocular vascular imaging has been demonstrated by photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) by using intrinsic hemoglobin absorption contrast of red blood cells (RBCs), mapping major vessels in retina of rats in vivo [7,8]. On the other hand, by utilizing dynamic optical scattering from moving RBCs within patent vessels, recent developments of optical coherence tomography (OCT) based microangiography have also offered great potential in delineating the retinal microvasculature in living mice and rats without the administration of contrast agents [e.g 9, 10…”

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confidence: 99%

In vivo OCT microangiography of rodent iris

2014

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We report on the functional optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of iris tissue morphology and microcirculation in living small animals. Anterior segments of healthy mouse and rat eyes are imaged with high-speed spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) utilizing ultra-high sensitive optical microangiography (UHS-OMAG) imaging protocol. 3D iris microvasculature is produced by the use of an algorithm that calculates absolute differences between the amplitudes of the OCT inter-frames. We demonstrate that the UHS-OMAG is capable of delineating iris microvascular beds in the mouse and rat with capillary-level resolution. Furthermore, the fast imaging speed enables dynamic imaging of iris micro-vascular response during drug-induced pupil dilation. We believe that this OCT angiographic approach has a great potential for in situ and in vivo monitoring of the microcirculation within iris tissue beds in rodent disease models that have microvascular involvement.

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“…OCT Microscope and Animal Preparation. The rat eye was imaged with a 1300-nm spectral/Fourier domain OCT microscope 25 operating at a speed of 47,000 axial scans per second with a transverse resolution of 7.2 lm and an axial resolution of 3.6 lm. 26 The use of 1300-nm light, as opposed to 800-nm light, results in less prominent ''tail'' artifacts beneath large vessels, thus facilitating image segmentation.…”

Section: Imaging Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%