Torrential precipitations on the Spanish east coast: The role of the Mediterranean sea surface temperature

Millán, M.; Estrela, María José; Caselles, Vicente

doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00048-i

Cited by 82 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the Mediterranean coastland, different authors have shown that flows from east, and cyclonic weather types have an important role in precipitation (Romero et al, 1999;Goodess and Jones, 2002). Moreover, the flows from east can be reactivated because of hot conditions in the sea-surface temperature, which is frequent in autumn and early winter (Martín-Vide and Llasat, 2000;Serra et al, 1996;Millán et al, 1995). In the centre of the study area, the Ebro Valley, atmospheric influence on precipitation is greatly determined by relief (Creus and Ferraz, 1995).…”

Section: Influence Of Weather-type Frequency On Drought Spatial and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aridity, along with the continental features of the climate, causes an important constraint for vegetation and human activities (Austin et al, 1998;Pedrocchi, 1998). The south of the study area corresponds to the north of the Valencia region, close to the Mediterranean Sea, where temperatures are milder than in the centre of the Ebro Valley (Pérez-Cueva, 1994) and precipitation is higher owing to the influence of the Mediterranean (Camarasa, 1993;Millán et al, 1995). For analysis, we used 75 monthly precipitation observatories in this region, from 1951 to 1999.…”

Section: Winter Drought Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of atmospheric circulation at different spatial scales on winter drought variability through a semi‐arid climatic gradient in Northeast Spain

Vicente‐Serrano

López‐Moreno

2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

123

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This paper analyses the spatial and temporal variability of winter droughts in a semi-arid geographic gradient in Northeast Spain, from the Pyrenees in the north to the Mediterranean coastland in the south. Droughts that occurred between 1952 and 1999 were analysed by means of the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI). The influence of the weather-type frequency and of the general North Atlantic atmospheric circulation patterns was analysed. The results indicate that winter droughts show an important spatial variability in the study area, differentiating three well-defined patterns. These correspond to the Pyrenees, the centre of the Ebro Valley, and the Mediterranean coastland. General negative trends in winter SPI have been found, which are indicative of the increase in winter drought conditions in the study area. Nevertheless, important spatial differences have also been recorded. Dominant north-south gradients in the influence of weather types are shown. Moreover, the negative trends in winter-SPI values agree with the negative trend in the frequency of the weather types prone to cause precipitation, such as the C, SW and W weather types and the increase in the frequency of A weather types. Nevertheless, in the Mediterranean coastland, the positive trend in SPI values agrees with the increase in the frequency of weather types of the east (E, SE), which are prone to cause precipitation in this area. Interannual variations in the frequency of the different weather types have been highly determined by different general atmospheric circulation patterns, mainly the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Nevertheless, the correlation between the time series of weather-type frequency and the winter SPI is higher than that found between the SPI and the NAO. Thus, although the interannual NAO variability explains a high percentage of the interannual differences in the frequency of different weather types, it is not sufficient to explain the spatial and temporal variability of droughts, which respond better to atmospheric variability at more detailed (synoptic) spatial scales.

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Section: Influence Of Weather-type Frequency On Drought Spatial and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Winter Drought Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of atmospheric circulation at different spatial scales on winter drought variability through a semi‐arid climatic gradient in Northeast Spain

Vicente‐Serrano

López‐Moreno

2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

123

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“…Most of the studies carried out on the Strait of Gibraltar used the shallow water equations to model the mean flow, and no thermal effects have been taken into account. However, observations reported in [18] indicate that water level in the sea surface is driven by temperature changes, while the deeper layer's salinity also become important. Furthermore, authors in [22] claimed that the sea-surface temperature is considered to play an important role in the Mediterranean circulation through the Strait of Gibraltar.…”

Section: Fig 43 Schematic Description Of the Strait Of Gibraltar Amentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Furthermore, authors in [22] claimed that the sea-surface temperature is considered to play an important role in the Mediterranean circulation through the Strait of Gibraltar. The sea-surface temperatures are maxima in summer (August-September) with average values of 23-24 • C and minima in winter (January-February) with averages of 11-12 • C. The North Atlantic water is about 5-6 • C colder than the Mediterranean water; elaborate details are available in [22,18], among others. The purpose of this example is twofold, on one hand to test the capability of the GCA method to handle complex geometry and moving fronts, and, on the other hand, to develop mathematical tools to study convective heat transport in the Strait of Gibraltar.…”

Section: Fig 43 Schematic Description Of the Strait Of Gibraltar Amentioning

confidence: 99%

A Galerkin-Characteristic Method for Large-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer

El‐Amrani¹,

Seaı̈d²

2008

SIAM J. Sci. Comput.

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Abstract. This work aims at the development of a nonoscillatory Galerkin-characteristic method for large-eddy simulation of turbulent flow and heat transfer. The method is based on combining the modified method of characteristics with a Galerkin finite element discretization of the incompressible Navier-Stokes/Boussinesq equations in primitive variables. It can be interpreted as a fractional step technique where the convective part and the Stokes/Boussinesq part are treated separately. A limiting procedure is implemented for the reconstruction of numerical solutions at the departure points. The main feature of the proposed Galerkin-characteristic method is that, due to the Lagrangian treatment of convection, the standard Courant-Friedrichs-Levy condition is relaxed, and the time truncation errors are reduced in the Stokes/Boussinesq part. To solve the generalized Stokes/Boussinesq problem we implement a conjugate gradient algorithm. This method avoids projection techniques and does not require any special correction for the pressure. We verify the method for an advection-diffusion equation with a known analytical solution and for the benchmark problem of mixed convection flow in a squared cavity. We also present numerical results for a problem of heat transport in the Strait of Gibraltar. The Galerkin-characteristic method has been found to be feasible and satisfactory.Key words. Galerkin-characteristic method, large-eddy simulation, heat transfer, finite element method, mixed convection, sea-surface temperature AMS subject classifications. 76F35, 74S05, 65M25DOI. 10.1137/080720711 1. Introduction. The large-eddy simulation (LES) equations for incompressible thermal flows are obtained by applying a spatial filtering to the Navier-Stokes equations subject to the Boussinesq approximation; see [5,4,17,23,16,12] and the references therein. However, this procedure introduces a term called a subgrid stress tensor which needs to be modelled. This term has to be seen as the interaction between the large and small scales in the system. In the current study, we will concentrate on a subgrid problem based on the Smagorinsky model [27]. The LES is normally performed on grids that are just fine enough to resolve the large flow scales, and numerical errors on such grids can have large effects on the simulation results. Although in the literature (see [12] and references therein) many numerical schemes have been presented, it is still not clear what the effect of the numerical and modelling errors in...

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“…The important role of sea-surface temperature is analysed in Millán et al (1995) and Pastor et al (2000), and the latter also present the first numerical simulations of torrential events in the Valencia region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of daily rainfall patterns in a Mediterranean area with extreme intensity levels: the Valencia region

Peñarrocha

Estrela

Millán

2002

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The objective of this paper is to identify the spatial distribution patterns of heavy rainfall in the Valencia region, Spain. Rainfall in this area reaches one of the highest intensity levels in the Mediterranean, with daily precipitation values above 800 mm. Although high intensities characterize the region's precipitation, there is a zone situated in the south of the Gulf of Valencia that registers exceptionally high daily precipitation intensities.Our spatial analysis is based on two different perspectives and methods. In the first, we studied the most important torrential rain events in the period 1971-95 and obtained a classification based on the geographical distribution of the daily precipitation maxima. In the second, we applied statistical techniques to classify the distribution patterns of torrential rain by using principal components analysis and cluster analysis. This analysis was conducted for the 1981-90 period. The results of both methodologies are similar and reflect the main characteristics and sub-types of the spatial distribution of the daily precipitation patterns. These spatial patterns are directly linked to the action of topographic factors in atmospheric situations of humid easterly flows.

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Torrential precipitations on the Spanish east coast: The role of the Mediterranean sea surface temperature

Cited by 82 publications

References 8 publications

The influence of atmospheric circulation at different spatial scales on winter drought variability through a semi‐arid climatic gradient in Northeast Spain

The influence of atmospheric circulation at different spatial scales on winter drought variability through a semi‐arid climatic gradient in Northeast Spain

A Galerkin-Characteristic Method for Large-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer

Classification of daily rainfall patterns in a Mediterranean area with extreme intensity levels: the Valencia region

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