Torrefied biomass as feed for fast pyrolysis: An experimental study and chain analysis

Louwes, Alexander Charnchai; Basile, Lucia; Yukananto, Riza; Bhagwandas, Jina; Bramer, Eduard A.; Brem, Gerrit

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.06.009

Cited by 72 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As could be reasonably expected from HTC process, carbonization resulted in increased C content and decreased O content, which is rather typical for this process [47,71,72]. In general, significant decrease in the oxygen content and O/C ratio ( Figure 5) suggests that HTC could be a suitable pretreatment if the spent grain was meant to be used as a biorefinery feedstock, as available literature considers high oxygen content detrimental for the quality and stability of the pyrolysis oil, attributed to the oxygenated compounds [73][74][75].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…It is difficult to select optimum HTC conditions if pre-processed feedstock is intended to be used in a biorefinery, if quality of the pyrolysis oil cannot be assessed. Nonetheless, existing literature indicates that oxygen has detrimental influence on quality of pyrolysis oil, as it increases the content of unstable oxygenated compounds among the liquid products of pyrolysis [73,74,89]. Therefore, the lowest possible O/C content ( Figure 4) was ultimately chosen as the criterium of this selection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HTC of Wet Residues of the Brewing Process: Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Beer, Spent Grain and Valorized Residues

et al. 2020

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Steady consumption of beer results in a steady output of residues, i.e., brewer's spent grain (BSG). Its valorization, using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) seems sensible. However, a significant knowledge gap regarding the variability of this residue and its influence on the valorization process and its potential use in biorefineries exists. This study attempted to fill this gap by characterization of BSG in conjunction with the main product (beer), taking into accounts details of the brewing process. Moreover, different methods to assess the performance of HTC were investigated. Overall, the differences in terms of the fuel properties of both types of spent grain were much less stark, in comparison to the differences between the respective beers. The use of HTC as a pretreatment of BSG for subsequent use as a biorefinery feedstock can be considered beneficial. HTC was helpful in uniformization and improvement of the fuel properties. A significant decrease in the oxygen content and O/C ratio and improved grindability was achieved. The Weber method proved to be feasible for HTC productivity assessment for commercial installations, giving satisfactory results for most of the cases, contrary to traditional ash tracer method, which resulted in significant overestimations of the mass yield.However, for craft breweries located in big cities, disposal becomes more problematic [3]. There are also attempts to enrich food products with spent grains. Thus far, there have been trials with sausages [4] and bread [5]. However, consumers reported that such products represent a fiber aftertaste [6]. However, this is limited only to the relatively close vicinity of a brewery, due to relatively high moisture content, that could range between 70% up to 78% 70% [7][8][9]. Biological activity of these residues makes long term storage difficult. The literature reports ongoing work on various new ways of using BSG, including extraction of polyphenols [10,11], other anti-oxidants [12,13], functional cardioprotective lipids for pharmaceutic use [14], proteins [15], fodder for edible insects [16], material for disposable trays [17], natural rubber modifier [18], as well as feedstock for production of pigments [19] and biochar, for subsequent use as soil amendment [20] or sustainable material for electrodes [21].The potential use of this residue as a fuel has been suggested by several authors so far [7][8][9]22,23]. The relatively high initial moisture content of spent grain makes hydrothermal valorization techniques the most sensible choice [8,9]. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), also known as wet torrefaction, is a valorization process suitable for a range of low-quality solid biomass, especially with high initial moisture content [24,25]. Process temperature, reported in the literature, usually ranges between 180 • C and 260 • C [25][26][27][28][29][30]. As the process takes place in subcritical water, pressure has to be higher than saturation pressure of water for specific temperature [25][26][27][28][29][30]. In these conditions wa...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTC of Wet Residues of the Brewing Process: Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Beer, Spent Grain and Valorized Residues

et al. 2020

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“…Their results showed that the oxygen content of wood declined while its energy value increased after the torrefaction. Furthermore, hardwood pellets torrefied at 265 °C with a residence time of 45 min produced a bio-oil with the lowest oxygen content and also its energy content increased from 19.1 MJ kg −1 to 23.1 MJ kg −1 [152] . Neupane et al investigated the effect of torrefaction on biomass structure and bio-oil produced from fast pyrolysis.…”

Section: Hydrothermal Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19. A schematic of bio-oil production by fast pyrolysis using torrefaction as a pretreatment process [152] .…”

Section: Acid and Alkali Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass pyrolysis: A review of the process development and challenges from initial researches up to the commercialisation stage

Gholizadeh

2019

Journal of Energy Chemistry

479

216

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“…The advanced PyCCS pathway additionally accounts for the sequestration potential of the liquid bio-oil ( figure S3). Pyrolytic bio-oil has comparable properties to fossil crude oil, with a less complex chemistry, but similar environmental toxicity following suitable post-pyrolysis treatment (Zhang et al 2007, Fermoso et al 2017, Louwes et al 2017, Varma and Mondal 2017. Long term storage (>1000 years) can be achieved by pumping the oil into depleted fossil oil fields.…”

Section: Technological Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical potential of biomass pyrolysis systems for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C

Werner

Schmidt

Gerten

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Negative emission (NE) technologies are recognized to play an increasingly relevant role in strategies limiting mean global warming to 1.5 • C as specified in the Paris Agreement. The potentially significant contribution of pyrogenic carbon capture and storage (PyCCS) is, however, highly underrepresented in the discussion. In this study, we conduct the first quantitative assessment of the global potential of PyCCS as a NE technology based on biomass plantations. Using a process-based biosphere model, we calculate the land use change required to reach specific climate mitigation goals while observing biodiversity protection guardrails. We consider NE targets of 100-300 GtC following socioeconomic pathways consistent with a mean global warming of 1.5 • C as well as the option of additional carbon balancing required in case of failure or delay of decarbonization measures. The technological opportunities of PyCCS are represented by three tracks accounting for the sequestration of different pyrolysis products: biochar (as soil amendment), bio-oil (pumped into geological storages) and permanent-pyrogas (capture and storage of CO 2 from gas combustion). In addition, we analyse how the gain in land induced by biochar-mediated yield increases on tropical cropland may reduce the pressure on land. Our results show that meeting the 1.5 • C goal through mitigation strategies including large-scale NE with plantation-based PyCCS may require conversion of natural vegetation to biomass plantations in the order of 133-3280 Mha globally, depending on the applied technology and the NE demand. Advancing towards additional bio-oil sequestration reduces land demand considerably by potentially up to 60%, while the benefits from yield increases account for another 3%-38% reduction (equalling 82-362 Mha). However, when mitigation commitments are increased by high balancing claims, even the most advanced PyCCS technologies and biochar-mediated co-benefits cannot compensate for delayed action towards phasing-out fossil fuels.

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Torrefied biomass as feed for fast pyrolysis: An experimental study and chain analysis

Cited by 72 publications

References 30 publications

HTC of Wet Residues of the Brewing Process: Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Beer, Spent Grain and Valorized Residues

HTC of Wet Residues of the Brewing Process: Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Beer, Spent Grain and Valorized Residues

Biomass pyrolysis: A review of the process development and challenges from initial researches up to the commercialisation stage

Biogeochemical potential of biomass pyrolysis systems for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C

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