Torrefaction of different parts from a corn stalk and its effect on the characterization of products

Mei, Yanyang; Che, Qingfeng; Yang, Qing; Draper, Christopher; Yang, Haiping; Zhang, Shihong; Chen, Hanping

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.07.021

Cited by 59 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…When the residence time remained constant (a residence time of 30 min) and the reaction temperature was varied, the HHV increased from 18.35 MJ/kg to 23.64 MJ/kg, the mass yield decreased from 81.42% to 50.49%, and the energy yield decreased from 87.02% to 69.51%. The HHV of hydrochar obtained at 260 °C for 30 min could be compared with that dry torrefied stem of corn straw at 300°C for 40 min (20.26MJ/kg) (Mei et al 2016), and which is approximately equivalent to the heating value of coal . The hydrochar prepared at 230 °C or 260 °C could be comparable with some of commercial fuels .…”

Section: Effect Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Temperature and Time Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Properties and Combustion Kinetics of Hydrochar Prepared by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Straw

Xiao¹,

Fan²,

Shi³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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The potential of using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) on corn straw (CS) was studied for the production of solid fuel. The effects of hydrothermal conditioning on the mass yield, energy yield, higher heating value (HHV), H/C and O/C atomic ratios, the morphology, and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of hydrochars were examined by varying the reaction temperature (170 °C, 200 °C, 230 °C, and 260 °C) and the residence time (15 min and 30 min). The results demonstrated that the solid fuel properties of hydrochar produced at 230 °C for 30 min had an appropriate HHV of 20.51 MJ/kg, a mass yield of 64.80%, and an energy yield of 77.41%. The physical structure changed because of hydrothermal carbonization and the hydrophobicity of hydrochar increased in comparison to raw corn straw after hydrothermal carbonization. The combustion characteristics and kinetic parameters of raw corn straw and hydrochar were calculated based on the thermogravimetric curves according to Arrhenius equation. The activation energies of hydrochars were larger than that of raw corn straw. The comprehensive combustibility index (S) of raw corn straw was greater than that of hydrochar when the reaction temperature and residence time were 230 °C and 30 min, respectively.

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Section: Effect Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Temperature and Time Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Properties and Combustion Kinetics of Hydrochar Prepared by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Straw

Xiao¹,

Fan²,

Shi³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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“…Torrefaction has two applications, which are named as “dry torrefaction” and “wet torrefaction” based on process conditions . Dry torrefaction, or “mild pyrolysis,” occurs in inert atmosphere by heating up the material up to 300°C with low heating rates . The solid material (pyrochar or biochar) has lower volatile matter content and higher heating value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 Dry torrefaction, or "mild pyrolysis," occurs in inert atmosphere by heating up the material up to 300 C with low heating rates. 8,12,13 The solid material (pyrochar or biochar) has lower volatile matter content and higher heating value. Wet torrefaction or "hydrothermal carbonization" proceeds in the presence of water at temperatures around 180-250 C and under autogenous pressures (10-20 bar) in order to take advantage of specific properties of water under critical conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis and combustion characteristics and kinetics of wood sawdust and wood sawdust hydrochar

Kabakcı

2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This study compares the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics with the kinetics of wood sawdust and its hydrochar. Wood sawdust hydrochar was obtained by the hydrothermal treatment of wood sawdust (biomass/water: 1 g/4 mL) at 220°C, where the residence time was set as 90 min. After hydrothermal carbonization, carbon content and heating value were both increased by 14%. Pyrolysis and combustion of wood sawdust and its hydrochar were performed by thermogravimetric analysis at 10, 20, 30, and 40°C/min. Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) method, Friedman method, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method, and Kissinger method were used for analyzing the pyrolysis data. For combustion, only KAS and FWO methods were used to determine the kinetic parameters. As compared to wood sawdust pyrolysis, average activation energy of hydrochar pyrolysis was lower (150.36 kJ/mol by using KAS method, 153.05 kJ/mol by using FWO method). Based on mean activation energies, pyrolysis reaction of hydrochar was more favorable than its combustion. In combustion, average activation energy of hydrochar combustion reaction was higher; indicating that combustion of wood sawdust was more favorable.

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“…Moreover, olive tree waste production takes place for a short period of the year, so large amounts of waste accumulate in a short period of time. All these facts hamper the use of raw olive biomass due to the difficulty of storing, transporting, and grinding it [13]. One of the main alternatives to enhance the energy quality of the biomass and to support its increased use as a fuel source is the application of post-harvest treatments [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Optimal Operative Conditions for the Torrefaction of Olive Waste Biomass

et al. 2020

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The need for new energy sources and the problems associated with waste in the agroforestry industry are an opportunity for the recovery of this waste. For the use of this agricultural waste as energy, different pretreatments, such as torrefaction, can be carried out. Torrefaction is a thermochemical treatment involving energetic densification of biomass at temperatures ranging from 200 to 300 °C under an inert and anaerobic environment. This study developed a numerical model to evaluate the effect of temperature and residence time of torrefaction on biomass from olive tree waste to determine optimum operative conditions for the process. Four temperatures and four residence times, in the operation range of the process, were tested to determine the weight loss and the higher heating values (HHVs) of the torrefied sample. From these data, a numerical model was developed to infer the complete behavior of the process in the temperature range between 200 and 300 °C and in the residence time range of a few minutes to 2 h. The HHV of the torrefied sample increased at a temperature between 200 and 275 °C. However, from 275 to 300 °C, there was an HHV decrease. The effect of the residence time depended on the torrefaction temperature. At low temperatures, there were no statistically significant differences, although an increase of HHV was detected under 120 min. However, at 250 °C this effect was reversed, and statistically significant differences were not observed between 30 and 120 min. Overall, the increase of temperature in the torrefaction process reduces the residence time needed to achieve the maximum HHV. As a result, the optimum conditions of torrefaction for this biomass were, approximately, 275 °C and 30 min of residence time. This reaction yielded an optimum 5830 cal/g HHV.

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Torrefaction of different parts from a corn stalk and its effect on the characterization of products

Cited by 59 publications

References 41 publications

Fuel Properties and Combustion Kinetics of Hydrochar Prepared by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Straw

Fuel Properties and Combustion Kinetics of Hydrochar Prepared by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Straw

Pyrolysis and combustion characteristics and kinetics of wood sawdust and wood sawdust hydrochar

Determination of the Optimal Operative Conditions for the Torrefaction of Olive Waste Biomass

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