Torque Teno Virus (TTV)—A Potential Marker of Immunocompetence in Solid Organ Recipients

Abstract

Torque Teno Virus (TTV), first discovered in 1997, is a non-pathogenic, highly prevalent virus with a notable presence in the human virome. TTV has garnered attention as a potential indicator of immunocompetence in recipients of solid organ transplants. In this review, we discuss the role of TTV as a potential marker for immunosuppression optimization, prediction of graft rejection, and as an indicator of opportunistic infections. We discuss TTV’s behavior over the course of time after transplantation, TTV’s implications in different immunosuppressive regimens, and potential utility in vaccinations. The review synthetizes findings from various studies depicting its potential clinical utility for future personalized patient care.

Torquetenovirus Viremia Quantification Using Real-Time PCR Developed on a Fully Automated, Random-Access Platform

“…Each of these viruses consists of numerous species and strains. The recent evidence that TTV represents the most abundant component of the human virome and establishes a highly successful interaction with the infected host [ 1 ] has highlighted the importance of using the monitoring of TTV viremia as a biomarker of functional immune competence [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Thus, the use of diagnostic tests that can be performed for rapid and sensitive quantification of TTV is of utmost importance for follow-up monitoring and therapy decisions in several patient settings, notably solid organ transplant recipients [ 15 , 16 ].…”