Toroidal Alfvén eigenmode driven by energetic electrons during high-power auxiliary heating on HL-2A

Yu, Liming; Chen, W.; Ding, X.T.; Ji, Xiao; Shi, Z.B.; Yuan, B.S.; R., R.; Chen, S. Y.; Li, Y. G.; Li, J. X.; Song, Seok Goo; Yang, Z.C.; Shi, P.W.; Jiang, M.; Zhang, Y. P.; Huang, M.; Li, W.; Feng, Bobo; Zhou, Yan; Ma, Rui; Song, X.M.; Yu, D.L.; Cao, Jianyong; Lü, B.; Dong, J. Q.; Liu, Yi; Zhong, Weizhi; Yan, L.W.; Yang, Qingwei; Xu, M.; Duan, X.R.; Liu, Y.

doi:10.1063/1.5004212

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The relativistic effect deserves to be addressed for energetic-electron-driven AE, because we noticed that the kinetic energy of resonant trapped energetic electrons is relatively high in both experiment and our simulation. For example, the observed n = 4 TAE in HL-2A was driven by energetic electrons with energy in the range of 150 − 230 keV [24]. In our simulation, if we consider a TFTR plasma: a = 0.85 m, R 0 = 2.72 m, B 0 = 1.25 T, the bulk (deuterium) ion density n i = 1.9 × 10 19 m −3 , which is consistent with the numerical setup, the kinetic energy of a resonant trapped energetic electron with E = 0.5 m D v 2 A (or v EE = 61 v A ) will be 106 keV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AEs destabilized by energetic electrons was first observed on COMPASS-D during electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) [21]. In HL-2A, mode features of energetic-electron driven betainduced Alfvén eigenmode (BAE) and toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) were analysed during ECRH [22][23][24]. These destabilized modes during ECRH mainly propagate in the electron diamagnetic drift direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of Alfvén eigenmodes destabilized by energetic electrons in tokamak plasmas

Todo

Wang

2020

Nucl. Fusion

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Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) driven by energetic electrons were investigated via hybrid simulations of an MHD fluid interacting with energetic electrons. The investigation focused on AEs with the toroidal number n = 4. Both energetic electrons with centrally peaked beta profile and off-axis peaked profile are considered. For the centrally peaked energetic electron beta profile case, a toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) propagating in the electron diamagnetic drift direction is found. The mode is mainly driven by deeply trapped energetic electrons. It is also found that a few passing energetic electrons spatially localized around rational surfaces can resonate with the mode. For the off-axis peaked energetic electron beta profile case, an AE propagating in the ion diamagnetic drift direction is found when a q − p r o f i l e with weak magnetic shear is adopted. The destabilized mode is an elliptical-Alfvén-eigenmode-type (EAE-type) mode which has a spatial profile peaking at the rational surface and a frequency close to the second Alfvén frequency gap. It is found that passing energetic electrons and barely trapped energetic electrons are responsible for this EAE-type mode destabilization. The saturation levels are compared for a TAE with the same linear growth rate among energetic electron driven mode and energetic ion driven mode with isotropic and anisotropic velocity space distributions. The saturation level of TAE driven by trapped energetic electrons is comparable to that driven by energetic electrons with isotropic velocity space distribution where the contribution of trapped particles is dominant. It is found that the trapped energetic ion driven TAE has a larger saturation level than the passing energetic ion driven TAE, which indicates the difference in particle trapping by the TAE between trapped and passing energetic ions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Alfvén eigenmodes destabilized by energetic electrons in tokamak plasmas

Todo

Wang

2020

Nucl. Fusion

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“…Alfvén eigenmodes driven unstable by electron populations during electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) have been observed on COMPASS-D [9] and HL-2A [10,11]. During LHW, only two previous papers have reported observation of Alfvén eigenmodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Alfvén eigenmodes driven by fast electrons during lower hybrid wave heating in EAST plasmas

Xiao

et al. 2018

Nucl. Fusion

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There were two errors present in the published article.On page 2, the sentence 'Their corresponding mode numbers are estimated to be ((m/n ≈ 2/1), (m/n =?/1), (m/n ≈ 2, 3/2), (m/n ≈ −2/−2) by toroidal and poloidal Mirnov coils'. Should instead be 'Their corresponding mode numbers are estimated to be n = 1, n = 1, n = 2, n = −2 by two carefully calibrated toroidal Mirnov probes'. And the sentence 'But the poloidal probes estimated m-number is not as precise as the n-number so that they are used here only for reference value. And the question mark for 220 kHz is because its m-number is not detected by the poloidal probes.' should be deleted.On page 3, the sentence 'The low frequency mode 125 kHz with m/n ≈ 2/1 is supposed to be located in the middle of the plasma and high frequency modes 250 kHz with m/n ≈ 2, 3/2 and 320 kHz with (m/n ≈ −2/−2) are supposed to be near the center of the plasma' should be deleted.The results of our paper remain unaffected. ORCID iDs

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“…A rich experimental study on EPs physics and EP induced instabilities has been carried out on HL-2A tokamak with the help of a powerful auxiliary heating system [23][24][25][26][27][28]. The neutral beam injection (NBI) system consists of two independent beamlines, both beamlines are co-injected into the HL-2A tokamak tangentially with an injection angle of 58.1 • .…”

Section: Ice Diagnostic Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the ion cyclotron emission diagnostic on the HL-2A tokamak

Tong¹,

Fang²,

Yu³

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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An ion cyclotron emission (ICE) diagnostic, which is based on a B-dot probe, has been recently designed and installed on HL-2A tokamak. The diagnostic is used to study various high-frequency magnetic field fluctuations which can be excited by energetic ions and runaway electrons in the plasma. The ICE diagnostic on HL-2A includes a high-frequency B-dot probe, direct current (DC) block, radio frequency splitters, filter bank and power detectors. The filter bank is composed of 16 channels filters, with the center frequency covering from 10 to 160 MHz, 10 MHz step length and 8 MHz bandwidth. The log detectors with a large dynamic range (from −80 dBm to −20 dBm) are used to detect the bandpass power. Test results of the B-dot probe, filters and power detectors are shown. The signals can also be sampled with a fast analog-to-digital converter with a 14-bit depth, 100 MHz bandwidth and 250 MSample/s sampling rate.

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Toroidal Alfvén eigenmode driven by energetic electrons during high-power auxiliary heating on HL-2A

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Simulation of Alfvén eigenmodes destabilized by energetic electrons in tokamak plasmas

Simulation of Alfvén eigenmodes destabilized by energetic electrons in tokamak plasmas

Observation of Alfvén eigenmodes driven by fast electrons during lower hybrid wave heating in EAST plasmas

Development of the ion cyclotron emission diagnostic on the HL-2A tokamak

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