This tutorial chapter shows how the separate fields of mathematical psychology and cognitive neuroscience can interact to their mutual benefit. Historically, the field of mathematical psychology is mostly concerned with formal theories of behavior, whereas cognitive neuroscience is mostly concerned with empirical measurements of brain activity. Despite these superficial differences in method, the ultimate goal of both disciplines is the same: to understand the workings of human cognition. In recognition of this common purpose, mathematical psychologists have recently started to apply their models in cognitive neuroscience, and cognitive neuroscientists have borrowed and extended key ideas that originated from mathematical psychology. This chapter consists of three main sections: the first describes the field of mathematical psychology, the second describes the field of cognitive neuroscience, and the third describes their recent combination: model-based cognitive neuroscience.
IntroductionThe griffin is a creature with the body of a lion and the head and wings of an eagle. This mythical hybrid is thought to symbolize the rule over two empires, one on the earth (the lion part) and the other in the skies (the eagle part). The preceding six tutorial chapters may have given the impression that the field of model-based cognitive neuroscience is similar to a griffin in that it represents the union of two fundamentally incompatible disciplines. After all, the methods and concepts from B. U. Forstmann ( )