Topside signature of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances

Miller, E. S.; Kil, H.; Makela, J. J.; Heelis, R. A.; Talaat, E. R.; Groß, A.

doi:10.5194/angeo-32-959-2014

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Plasma bubbles and blobs represent plasma depletions and enhancements, respectively, relative to the ambient plasma density. The creation of plasma blobs in middle latitudes is explained in association with either equatorial plasma bubbles (Huang et al, ; Krall et al, , ; Le et al, ; Martinis et al, ; Yokoyama et al, ) or MSTIDs (Choi et al, ; Kil et al, , ; Miller et al, ), but we do not know yet which mechanism plays a dominant role in the creation of blobs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Global Distribution of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Seen by Swarm Satellites

Kil

Paxton

2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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The activity of nighttime medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (MSTID) in middle latitudes (±25°–40° magnetic latitudes) is investigated using the measurements of the electron density by Swarm satellites. Fractional electron density fluctuation is used as a proxy for MSTIDs, and the MSTID distribution is derived from the observations in December 2013–January 2017. The MSTID activity shows a semiannual variation in most longitudes with the primary and secondary peaks during the June and December solstices, respectively. The distinguishing feature in the MSTID distribution is the high occurrence rate of MSTIDs around 150°E longitude in June–August. The longitudinal and annual distribution of MSTIDs shows a hemispheric symmetry, which we interpret as the demonstration of conjugacy in MSTIDs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Global Distribution of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Seen by Swarm Satellites

Kil

Paxton

2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The report explicitly notes the absence of accompanying plasma density variations ( δN ) but does not refer to MSTID phenomenology. A recent study by Miller et al [] shows examples of plasma blobs, i. e., large increases in ion densities measured by satellites at low and midlatitudes, that they relate to dark airglow bands observed by an ASI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C/NOFS observations of electromagnetic coupling between magnetically conjugate MSTID structures

et al. 2016

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This report demonstrates empirically that couplings between magnetically conjugate medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) are electromagnetic in nature. This is accomplished by comparing plasma density, electric, and magnetic perturbations sampled simultaneously by sensors on the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite. During the period of interest on 17 February 2010, C/NOFS made three consecutive orbits while magnetically conjugate to the field of view of an all‐sky imager located at El Leoncito, Argentina (31.8°S, 69.3°W). Imaged 630.0 nm airglow was characterized by alternating bands of relatively bright and dark emissions that were aligned from northeast to southwest and propagated toward the northwest, characteristic of MSTIDs in the southern hemisphere. Measurable Poynting fluxes flow along the Earth's magnetic field (S||) from “generator” to “load” hemispheres. While S|| was predominantly away from the ionosphere above El Leoncito, interhemispheric energy flows were not one‐way streets. Measured Poynting flux intensities diminished with time over the three C/NOFS passes, suggesting that source mechanisms of MSTIDs were absent or that initial impedance mismatches between the two hemispheres approached an equilibrium status.

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“…A case study of Miller et al . [] with the coincident C/NOFS and optical observations in the southern Caribbean showed the occurrence of blobs in the region where nighttime MSTIDs propagate. This result with the characteristics of MSTIDs indicates that MSTIDs are the most plausible source of blobs during the solar minimum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The causal relationship between plasma bubbles and blobs in the low‐latitude F region during a solar minimum

et al. 2015

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Plasma density depletions (bubbles) and enhancements (blobs) with respect to the background ionosphere occur at night in the low-latitude F region. Those phenomena are understood to be either causally linked or independent. The idea of the causal relationship between bubbles and blobs is on the basis of the observations of them in the same longitude. However, the occurrence of bubbles and blobs in the same longitude can also be just a coincidence. We investigate causal linkage of bubbles and blobs using the measurements of the ion density on 5 days in June 2008 and April 2009 by the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System and CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload satellites. The observations during the solar minimum show that blobs occur in broader longitudes than do bubbles and occur in any longitudes regardless of the existence of bubbles. These observations indicate that a significant portion of blobs are not associated with bubbles. Even if some blobs are associated with bubbles, those blobs are indistinguishable from those produced by other sources. Therefore, the observations of bubbles and blobs at the same longitudes do not warrant their causal relationship. The independent behavior of bubbles and blobs rather indicates that their occurrences in the same longitudes are mostly coincidences. Considering the frequent occurrence of blobs near midnight, June solstice, and the solar minimum, medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances are likely the major source of blobs. This idea is supported by the observations of blobs with the ionospheric disturbances in broad longitudes and latitudes.

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Topside signature of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Global Distribution of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Seen by Swarm Satellites

Global Distribution of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Seen by Swarm Satellites

C/NOFS observations of electromagnetic coupling between magnetically conjugate MSTID structures

The causal relationship between plasma bubbles and blobs in the low‐latitude F region during a solar minimum

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