Toposequences of soils developed on basaltic rocks: physicochemical attributes

Abstract

Soils are formed in a structural continuity of layers along a toposequence. The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical and physical properties of soils in two topossequences derived from basaltic rocks in the state of Parana, with different slopes, aiming to identify the relationships between their attributes, relief, and parent material. We studied two toposequences, with differentiated reliefs, developed on parent material consisting of vesicular and aphanitic basaltic rocks. The following physical properties were evaluated: texture, bulk density, particle density, macroporosity, microporosity, aggregate stability in water, degree of dispersion, and degree of flocculation. Chemical analyses were carried out for determination of Ca, Mg, K, P, Al, H+Al, C, and ΔpH. The results were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA) to obtain the correlation circles. In the circle of eigenvectors, in the slope with soft undulating relief, most vectors are located in the negative sector, both for physical and chemical properties with the latter being closer together. Also, the relationships between Ca, Mg, K and aluminum are evident. This way, chemical and physical properties are listed in the two slopes, and the level of correlation depends on the existing interactions. In addition, young soils with different characteristics and behavior were different from the others. Effective depth and structure were limiting attributes, but other favorable attributes were observed. The relationships among the attributes are differentiated along the slopes, and are influenced by the physicochemical nature of the geological substrate. RESUMO: Os solos são formados em uma continuidade estrutural das camadas ao longo da topossequência. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar atributos químicos e físicos de solos em duas topossequências, originados de rochas basálticas, no Estado do

Changes on soil structural stability after in natura and composted chicken manure application

“…4, 5). The MWD values of our study are within the expected range, as observed by other authors studying soils weathered from basalt in Paraná ( Barbosa et al 2015;Gonçalves et al 2013). These soils have a good resistance to hydric erosion (Reichert et al 2009) and the increment in MWD caused by chicken manure can intensify this characteristic, once some studies suggest that aggregates bigger than 2 mm are less susceptible to be transported by water (Calegari et al 2006;Xiao et al 2017).…”

Heterospecific Tree Density and Environmental Factors Affect Afzelia africana Sm. Population Structure in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, West Africa: Implications for Management and Restoration

“…Gambiza (2001) reported that the patchy distribution of the soil types and topographic features modify plant-available moisture and available nutrients, thereby influencing plant structure. Soil nutrients can be influenced by physicochemical properties of the geological substrate and mostly by undulating relief downstream the soils (Gonc¸alves et al, 2013).…”

“…), resources availability, and species competitive abilities would likely codetermine species structural and dominance patterns (Mensah, Salako, Assogbadjo, & Gle`le`Kakaı¨, 2018;Zhang, Chen, Liu, & Pei, 2016). For example, environmental factors such as soil physical properties and slope were pointed out as potential drivers of vegetation structure and distribution (Gonc¸alves, Filho, Vendrame, & Telles, 2013). Therefore topography-and relief-related conditions (Asse´de´, Azihou, Adomou, Oumorou, & Sinsin, 2015) would also influence A. africana population's structure.…”

Soil quality estimation using environmental covariates and predictive models: an example from tropical soils of Nigeria

“…Similar to the agricultural soils elsewhere, the soils of the present study site are developed on diverse parent materials and support different arable crops. In addition, comparing the potential of soil developed on diverse parent materials for agricultural productivity had mixed results as reported by (Abam and Orji 2019; Donatus et al 2018;Corbett 2006;Gonçalves et al 2013;Graham et al 2017). However, Afu et al (2021 and Ofem et al (2020) have reported limestone, shale, and basaltic-derived soils to be suitable for agricultural production.…”