Topology-induced, strongly diamagnetic response of hollow structured metals at broadband microwave frequencies

Anwar, Shahzad; Li, Sucheng; Li, Shuo; Duan, Qian; Lu, Wen‐Zhong; Hou, Bo

doi:10.1007/s00339-015-9133-0

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…(v) n (1) φ−y , Eq. (62). This is the transverse PPF displaying the pure y-type polarization state (the vector mode gravitons) of the HFGWs.…”

Section: And Onlŷ E (0)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, since the PPFs, Eqs. (50), (52), (54), (59), (62) W 2 ), see Eq. 46], etc., then the displaying condition to the PPFs can be further relaxed.…”

Section: And Onlŷ E (0)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6a is completely "left-handed circular" or completely "righthanded circular", and the "left-handed circular" or "righthanded circular" property depends on the phase factors in Eqs. (50), (52), (54), (59) and (62).…”

Section: And Onlŷ E (0)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coupling between the background longitudinal static EM fieldsÊ (0) z ,B (0) z and the GB in the 3DSR case would only produce the EM response to the x-type, the y-type polarizations and the combination state of the b-type and the l-type polarizations [see Eqs. (54), (55), (61), (62) and (63a) to (63c)]. The interaction of the HFGWs with the galacticextragalactic longitudinal stable EM fieldsÊ…”

Section: Numerical Estimations Of the Perturbative Photon Fluxes In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…x , n (0) y at the longitudinal symmetric surface, and the peak property of the signal photon fluxes ( n (1) x−⊗ , n (2) x−⊗ ) at the longitudinal symmetric surface, inspire us to utilize the fractal membranes (they are very effective microwave lenses with a strong focusing function and the "one-way valve" property [41,42,[62][63][64] to the photon fluxes in the GHz to THz band), and they will provide a better way of selecting for the signal photon fluxes, especially for the signal photon fluxes generated by the stochastic relic HFGWs. These issues will also be discussed and studied in detail elsewhere.…”

Section: Numerical Estimations Of the Perturbative Photon Fluxes In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromagnetic response to high-frequency gravitational waves having additional polarization states: distinguishing and probing tensor-mode, vector-mode and scalar-mode gravitons

Wen

Fang

et al. 2020

Eur. Phys. J. C

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Gravitational waves (GWs) from extra dimensions, very early universe, and some high-energy astrophysical processes might have at most six polarization states: tensor- and nontensor-mode gravitons. The peak regions or partial peak regions (of the amplitudes or energy densities) of some of such GWs are just distributed in the GHz or higher frequency band, which would be an optimal frequency band for the electromagnetic (EM) response to such high-frequency GWs (HFGWs). In this paper we investigate the EM response to the HFGWs, and for the first time we obtain the concrete form of analytic solutions of the perturbative EM fields caused by all six possible polarizations of the HFGWs in the background stable EM fields and in the proposed three dimensional synchro-resonance system (3DSR system), respectively. It is found that all such six polarizations may in principle show separability and detectability. Moreover, the detection frequency band ($$\sim 10^{8}$$ ∼ 10 8 to $$10^{12}$$ 10 12 Hz or higher) of the signal photon fluxes by the 3DSR system and the observation frequency range ($$\sim 7\times 10^{7}$$ ∼ 7 × 10 7 to $$3\times 10^{9}$$ 3 × 10 9 Hz) of the signals by the FAST (Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, China) have a certain overlapping property, and thus their coincidence experiments in the future for observations will have high complementarity.

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“…(v) n (1) φ−y , Eq. (62). This is the transverse PPF displaying the pure y-type polarization state (the vector mode gravitons) of the HFGWs.…”

Section: And Onlŷ E (0)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, since the PPFs, Eqs. (50), (52), (54), (59), (62) W 2 ), see Eq. 46], etc., then the displaying condition to the PPFs can be further relaxed.…”

Section: And Onlŷ E (0)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: And Onlŷ E (0)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Estimations Of the Perturbative Photon Fluxes In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Estimations Of the Perturbative Photon Fluxes In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Electromagnetic response to high-frequency gravitational waves having additional polarization states: distinguishing and probing tensor-mode, vector-mode and scalar-mode gravitons

Wen

Fang

et al. 2020

Eur. Phys. J. C

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Electromagnetic counterparts of high-frequency gravitational waves in a rotating laboratory frame system and their detection

Li,

Yu,

et al. 2023

Phys. Rev. D

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Electromagnetic counterparts of high-frequency gravitational waves having additional polarization states: distinguishing and probing tensor-mode, vector-mode and scalar-mode gravitons

Li,

Wen,

Fang

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Gravitational waves (GWs) from extra dimensions, very early universe, and some high-energy astrophysical process, might have, at most six polarization states in our four-dimensional spacetime: ⊕-type and ⊗-type polarizations (tensor-mode gravitons), x-type, y-type polarizations (vector-mode gravitons), and b-type, l-type polarizations (scalar-mode gravitons). The peak regions or partial peak regions (of the amplitudes or energy densities) of some of such GWs are just distributed in GHz or higher frequency band, which would be optimal frequency band for the electromagnetic (EM) response. In this paper we investigate the EM response to such high-frequency GWs (HFGWs) having additional polarizations. For the first time we address: (1) the concrete forms of analytic solutions for the perturbative EM fields caused by the HFGWs having all six possible polarizations in the background stable EM fields; (2) the perturbative EM signals of the HFGWs with additional polarizations in the three-dimensional synchro-resonance system (3DSR system) and in the galactic-extragalactic background EM fields. These perturbative EM fields are actually the EM counterparts of the HFGWs, and such results provide a novel way to simultaneously distinguish and display the all possible six polarizations states of the HFGWs. It is also shown that: (i) In the EM response, the pure ⊗-type, pure x-type and pure y-type polarizations of the HFGWs can independently generate the perturbative photon fluxes (PPFs, i.e., the signal photon fluxes), while the ⊕-type, b-type and l-type polarizations produce the PPFs in different combination states of them. (ii) All such six polarization states of the HFGWs have the separability and detectability. (iii) In the EM response to the HFGWs from the extra-dimensions, distinguishing and displaying the different polarization states of them would be quite possible due to their very high frequencies, large energy densities and special properties of spectrum. The observation and separation of the polarization states of the primordial HFGWs and of the HFGWs in some high-energy astrophysical processes will face to big challenge, but this is still possible. (iv) Detection frequency band (ν ∼ 10 8 Hz to 10 12 Hz or higher) of the PPFs by the 3DSR system and the observation frequency range (ν ∼ 7 × 10 7 Hz to 3 × 10 9 Hz) of the PPFs by the FAST (Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, China), have a certain overlapping property, and thus their coincidence experiments for observations will have high complementarity.

show abstract

Topology-induced, strongly diamagnetic response of hollow structured metals at broadband microwave frequencies

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Electromagnetic response to high-frequency gravitational waves having additional polarization states: distinguishing and probing tensor-mode, vector-mode and scalar-mode gravitons

Electromagnetic response to high-frequency gravitational waves having additional polarization states: distinguishing and probing tensor-mode, vector-mode and scalar-mode gravitons

Electromagnetic counterparts of high-frequency gravitational waves in a rotating laboratory frame system and their detection

Electromagnetic counterparts of high-frequency gravitational waves having additional polarization states: distinguishing and probing tensor-mode, vector-mode and scalar-mode gravitons

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