Topologically Protected Edge States in Triangular Lattices

Abstract

We describe the possibility for topologically robust edge states existing on interfaces of triangular lattices which are supported by rotational symmetries that are sensitive to boundary conditions. Such states are trivial from the perspective of Berry curvature, but result instead from an interplay between crystalline symmetries and finite boundary effects. Regardless, we show such states are in a distinct topological phase, provided the gauge-dependent symmetries are maintained. Such a model describes a number of recent bosonic experimental demonstrations on triangular lattices, the physics for which has thus far eluded explanation.