Abstract:Leaves have a single shape. However, embedded in that shape are a multitude of latent shapes arising from evolutionary, developmental, environmental, and other effects. These confounded effects manifest at distinct developmental time points and evolve at different tempos. Here, revisiting datasets comprised of thousands of leaves of vining grapevine (Vitaceae) and maracuya (Passifloraceae) species, we apply a technique from the mathematical field of topological data analysis to comparatively visualize the stru… Show more
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