Topological-cavity surface-emitting laser

Yang, Lechen; Li, Guangrui; Gao, Xiaomei; Lü, Ling

doi:10.1038/s41566-022-00972-6

Cited by 112 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A wider FSR improves the wavelength-multiplexing bandwidth, the spontaneous emission rate, and the stability of single-mode operations. Although conventional cavities have an inverse proportionality between modal spacing and modal volume (FSR ∝ V −1 ), the recent Dirac-vortex cavity [13] exhibits FSR ∝ V − 1 2 that drops much slower than the common scaling rule and is ideal for broad-area singlemode lasers [14]. Here we analyze the FSR-V scaling and show that the monopole cavity of FSR ∝ V − 1 3 is the optimal.…”

Section: Optimal Single-mode Behaviormentioning

confidence: 88%

“…σi are the Pauli matrices, γij = σi ⊗ σj are the gamma matrices, and Γ ijk = σi ⊗ σj ⊗ σ k , where ⊗ is the Kronecker product. SSH: Su-Schrieffer-Heeger [4], HCM: Hou-Chamon-Mudry [6], DFB: distributed feedback [15], VCSEL: vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser [16], TCSEL: topologicalcavity surface-emitting laser [14].…”

Section: Jackiw-rebbi Monopole Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two methods to enlarge the volume of the monopole mode. One method is to lower the bandgap size [14], that is twice the FSR for the mid-gap mode. The other method is to expand the central singular point [13] (R = 0) into a volume of unmodulated Dirac lattice with a finite radius R, shown in Fig.…”

Section: Optimal Single-mode Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modal spectrum of mainstream diode laser products -powering the Internet communications and cell-phone unlocking -is identical to that of the 1D kink zero modes, whose FSR is inversely proportional to the mode volume. Very recently, the 2D vortex zero mode inspired the invention of the high-brightness topological-cavity surface-emitting laser [14], whose FSR is inversely proportional to the square root of the mode volume. Now, our 3D monopole resonator, whose FSR is inversely proportional to the cubic root of its mode volume, represents the optimal design for the large-volume single-mode operation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monopole topological resonators

Cheng¹,

Yang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Among the many far-reaching consequences of the potential existence of a magnetic monopole, it induces topological zero modes in the Dirac equation, which were derived by Jackiw and Rebbi 46 years ago and have been elusive ever since. Here, we show that the monopole and multi-monopole solutions can be constructed in the band theory by coupling the three-dimensional Dirac points in hedgehog spatial configurations through Dirac-mass engineering. We then experimentally demonstrate such a monopole bound state in a structurally-modulated acoustic crystal as a cavity device. These monopole resonators not only support an arbitrary number of degenerate mid-gap modes, but also offer the optimal single-mode behavior possible -whose modal spacing is inversely proportional to the cubic root of the modal volume. Our work completes the kink-vortex-monopole trilogy of zero modes and provides the largest free spectral range for sizable resonators.

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Section: Optimal Single-mode Behaviormentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Jackiw-rebbi Monopole Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimal Single-mode Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monopole topological resonators

Cheng¹,

Yang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Conventionally, top-down nanofabrication processes are used for fabricating PhC surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) as well as emerging topological cavity surface-emitting lasers. [9][10][11][12] Over the last few years, selective area, catalyst-free growth of nanowires has progressed rapidly, providing a unique platform for ultracompact bottom-up PhC lasers. [13][14][15][16] In comparison to top-down etched PhC cavities, the vertical and atomically flat sidewall surface and the ability to form in situ passivation layers in nanowire growth minimize scattering and propagation losses and thereby preserve high radiative recombination efficiency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformed Honeycomb Lattices of InGaAs Nanowires Grown on Silicon‐on‐Insulator for Photonic Crystal Surface‐Emitting Lasers

Messina

Gong

Abouzaid

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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excellent narrow beam divergence [7] make them highly promising for light detection and ranging [8] and optical sensing applications. Conventionally, top-down nanofabrication processes are used for fabricating PhC surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) as well as emerging topological cavity surface-emitting lasers. [9][10][11][12] Over the last few years, selective area, catalyst-free growth of nanowires has progressed rapidly, providing a unique platform for ultracompact bottom-up PhC lasers. [13][14][15][16] In comparison to top-down etched PhC cavities, the vertical and atomically flat sidewall surface and the ability to form in situ passivation layers in nanowire growth minimize scattering and propagation losses and thereby preserve high radiative recombination efficiency. By breaking or relaxing the constraints from materials lattice mismatch, combining dissimilar materials into 3D axial and core-shell structures with strong quantum confinement and direct epitaxial integration on technologically important substrates such as silicon-on-insulator (SOI) chips also become possible. Optically pumped lasing from a lift-off 2D GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs nanowire arrays was realized emitting at wavelengths between 960 and 989 nm. [17] Near vertical surface emission around 850 nm from an InP nanowire PhC structure on InP substrate was recently reported, exhibiting pulse lasing at room temperature as well as continuous-wave lasing at 77 K with an output power of 470 µW. [18] Electrically pumped surface-emitting laser diodes using bottom-up PhC cavities have so far only been achieved by InGaN/AlGaN nanowires [1] and remain one of the biggest challenges in III-As/P based nanowires. For practical integration of nanowire lasers with silicon photonic integrated circuits and silicon electronics, direct growth of nanowire lasers on silicon operating in the relevant telecom spectral bandwidth (1.3-1.55 µm) is crucial. To date, this has been developed using either bandgap tunable InGaAs nanowire-based 1D or 2D PhC arrays [15,[19][20][21] or straincompensated InGaAs/(In,Al)GaAs multiquantum-well nanowires. [22] Despite impressive waveguide-coupled lasing at room temperature and low-threshold characteristics that have been demonstrated, a surface-emitting telecom wavelength nanowire PhC laser, which could be of great interest for optical sensing applications, has not been reported yet.Photonic crystals can be used to achieve high-performance surface-emitting lasers and enable novel photonic topological insulator devices. In this work, a GaAs/InGaAs heterojunction nanowire platform by selective area metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy for such applications is demonstrated. The nanowires are arranged into deformed honeycomb lattices on silicon-on-insulator substrate to exploit the quadrupolar photonic band-edge mode. Coreshell and axial heterostructures are formed with their crystalline properties studied by scanning transmission electron microscopy. Room-temperature, single mode lasing from both stretched and compressed honeycomb lattices within th...

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Photonics for Neuromorphic Computing: Fundamentals, Devices, and Opportunities

Li,

Gong,

Huang

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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In the dynamic landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), two notable phenomena are becoming predominant: the exponential growth of large AI model sizes and the explosion of massive amount of data. Meanwhile, scientific research such as quantum computing and protein synthesis increasingly demand higher computing capacities. Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the mechanism and functionality of human brains, uses physical artificial neurons to do computations and is drawing widespread attention. Conventional electronic computing has experienced certain difficulties, particularly concerning the latency, crosstalk, and energy consumption of digital processors. As the Moore's law approaches its terminus, there is a urgent need for alternative computing architectures that can satisfy this growing computing demand and break through the von Neumann model. Recently, the expansion of optoelectronic devices on photonic integration platforms has led to significant growth in photonic computing, where photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have enabled ultrafast artificial neural networks (ANN) with sub‐nanosecond latencies, low heat dissipation, and high parallelism. Such non‐von Neumann photonic computing systems hold the promise to cater to the escalating requirements of AI and scientific computing. In this review, we study recent advancements in integrated photonic neuromorphic systems, and from the perspective of materials and device engineering, we lay out the scientific and technological breakthroughs necessary to advance the state‐of‐the‐art. In particular, we examine various technologies and devices employed in neuromorphic photonic AI accelerators, spanning from traditional optics to PICs. We evaluate the performances of different designs by energy efficiency in operations per joule (OP/J) and compute density in operations per squared millimeter per second (OP/mm2/s). Putting special emphasis on photonic components such as VCSEL lasers, optical interconnects, and frequency microcombs, we highlight the most recent breakthroughs in photonic engineering and materials science used to create advanced neuromorphic computing chips. Lastly, we recognize that existing technologies encounter obstacles in achieving photonic AI accelerators with peta‐level computing speed and energy efficiency, and we also explore potential approaches in new devices, fabrication, materials, and integration to drive innovation. As the current challenges and barriers in cost, scalability, footprint, and computing capacity are resolved one‐by‐one, photonic neuromorphic systems are bound to co‐exist with, if not replace, conventional electronic computers and transform the landscape of AI and scientific computing in the foreseeable future.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Topological-cavity surface-emitting laser

Cited by 112 publications

References 24 publications

Monopole topological resonators

Monopole topological resonators

Deformed Honeycomb Lattices of InGaAs Nanowires Grown on Silicon‐on‐Insulator for Photonic Crystal Surface‐Emitting Lasers

Photonics for Neuromorphic Computing: Fundamentals, Devices, and Opportunities

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