Topography of the Femoral Attachment of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Abstract

The femoral footprint of the posterior cruciate ligament has a unique surface anatomy, consisting of a medial intercondylar ridge and a medial bifurcate ridge. The medial intercondylar ridge is observed more frequently.

Footprint of the Lateral Ligament Complex of the Ankle

“…Three-dimensional laser photography was used to image posterior cruciate ligament topography accurate up to 0.0008 mm. 6,11 Our study was similar in that the ligament was dissected from its footprint by hand and the footprint was marked with ink or paint. Therefore, there is likely no difference in accuracy between the 2 techniques since both of them involve outlining ligament footprints by hand prior to imaging.…”

Femoral Tunnel Drilling Angles for Posteromedial Corner Reconstructions of the Knee

“…The posterior cruciate ligament has two functional bundles, the AL and the PM bundles. 16,17 Most surgeons agree that when the PCL is being reconstructed with a single bundle technique, the single graft should be placed at the AL bundle femoral footprint. In case of a double bundle procedure, a second graft is additionally placed at the femoral PM bundle footprint.…”

Systematic Review of Cadaveric Studies on Anatomic Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: The Landmarks in Anatomic Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

“…In many studies, femoral tunnel positions were not determined by referring to anatomic sites and the o'clock reference was used instead. However, the size and shape of the PCL insertion site, tibial plateau, and femoral intercondylar notch anatomy are different from patient to patient 21 , 22 , 24) . Therefore, the o'clock reference would not be beneficial for anatomic reconstruction because it provides a non-reproducible generic two-dimensional formula for tunnel placement.…”

“…The increased interest in anatomic PCLR has led to a great number of basic science studies evaluating potential benefits and limitations of this technique 2 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23) . However, the true definition of anatomic PCLR has not reached a consensus, and therefore, the interpretation of 'anatomic' varies from study to study.…”