Topographical Working Memory in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Bartonek, Åsa; Piccardi, Laura; Guariglia, Cecilia

doi:10.1080/00222895.2020.1748861

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…The methods of both WM tests have been thoroughly described in previous articles [ 1 , 2 ]. The CBT consists of nine blocks fixed on a baseboard (30 × 25 cm) which are numbered on the examiner’s side ( Figure 1 a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In studies of topographic working memory (TWM), comparing typical developing children (TD) with children with motor disabilities, difficulties were associated with perceptual-motor conditions in some children, whereas no influence of age was reported in any patient group [ 1 , 2 ]. The present study focuses on the influence of age on working memory (WM) in navigational and reaching spaces in a group of TD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working Memory in Navigational and Reaching Spaces in Typically Developing Children at Increasing School Stages

Bartonek

Guariglia²,

Piccardi³

2022

Children

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Background: Based on studies of children with motor disabilities on topographic working memory (TWM), no influence of age was reported. The only differences were in the degree of mobility and exploration of the environment. The more active a child was in exploring the environment, the less his/her TWM was poor. However, in typically developing children (TD), exploration of the environment increases with increasing age, and age-related effects have been described. Here, we aim at investigating TWM considering age in TD with the additional question of whether WM in the reaching space differed from that in the navigational space requiring body movements. We hypothesized that WM in both spaces would improve correspondingly with increasing age, assuming that the greater the autonomy in exploring the environment, the better TWM becomes. Method: 120 children (5–16 years old) performed the Corsi Block-Tapping test (CBT) and the Walking Corsi test (WalCT). Results: Statistical analyses evidenced significantly increasing WalCT and CBT spans between each school stage, except in the CBT span between middle stage (MS) and upper stage (US). CBT spans were significantly higher than in the WalCT in the pre-school, lower stage, and MS, with the CBT span increasing until MS, which is sufficient for using spatial orientation strategies effectively. Conclusions: When navigation is gradually controlled, a child may be able to pay increasingly more attention to wayfinding and behavior in traffic. Since the US group even presented as good in the WalCT as young adults living in metropolitan environments, assuming that children may gain spatial orientation from having opportunities to move in their surroundings, this is also relevant for children with motor disabilities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working Memory in Navigational and Reaching Spaces in Typically Developing Children at Increasing School Stages

Bartonek

Guariglia²,

Piccardi³

2022

Children

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“…DTD. In this vein, Bartonek and co-workers [88][89][90] showed that children with cerebral palsy and motor disability manifested differences in topographic working memory as a function of the degree of autonomy to explore the environment, regardless of motor impairment. Our results also showed that the use of advanced navigational strategies (survey strategies) is not associated with the presence of DTD.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“Where am I?” A snapshot of the developmental topographical disorientation among young Italian adults

et al. 2022

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In the last decade, several cases affected by Developmental Topographical Disorientation (DTD) have been described. DTD consists of a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting the ability to orient in the environment despite well-preserved cognitive functions, and in the absence of a brain lesion or other neurological or psychiatric conditions. Described cases showed different impairments in navigational skills ranging from topographic memory deficits to landmark agnosia. All cases lacked a mental representation of the environment that would allow them to use high-order spatial orientation strategies. In addition to the single case studies, a group study performed in Canada showed that the disorder is more widespread than imagined. The present work intends to investigate the occurrence of the disorder in 1,698 young Italian participants. The sample is deliberately composed of individuals aged between 18 and 35 years to exclude people who could manifest the loss of the ability to navigate as a result of an onset of cognitive decline. The sample was collected between 2016 and 2019 using the Qualtrics platform, by which the Familiarity and Spatial Cognitive Style Scale and anamnestic interview were administered. The data showed that the disorder is present in 3% of the sample and that the sense of direction is closely related to town knowledge, navigational strategies adopted, and gender. In general, males use more complex navigational strategies than females, although DTD is more prevalent in males than in females, in line with the already described cases. Finally, the paper discusses which protective factors can reduce DTD onset and which intervention measures should be implemented to prevent the spread of navigational disorders, which severely impact individuals’ autonomy and social relationships.

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“…Spatial memory locomotor neuropsychological assessment (SMLNP) Numerous SMLNPs paradigms have been developed [18] and applied in a variety of studies, ranging from establishing the relationship between critical components of human navigation, such as spatial representation, goaldirected navigation, learning, and spatial performance enhancement [19] to determining what, how, and which part of the brain contributes to navigational information processing [20].…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering analysis of human navigation trajectories in a visuospatial memory locomotor task using K-Means and hierarchical agglomerative clustering

Annaki¹,

Rahmoune²,

Bourhaleb³

et al. 2022

E3S Web Conf.

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Throughout this study, we employed unsupervised machine learning clustering algorithms, namely K-Means [1] and hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC) [2], to explore human locomotion and wayfinding using a VR Magic Carpet (VMC) [3], a table test version known as the Corsi Block Tapping task (CBT) [4]. This variation was carried out in the context of a virtual reality experimental setup. The participants were required to memorize a sequence of target positions projected on the rug and walk to each target figuring in the displayed sequence. the participant’s trajectory was collected and analyzed from a kinematic perspective. An earlier study [5] identified three different categories, but the classification remained ambiguous, implying that they include both kinds of individuals (normal and patients with cognitive spatial impairments). On this basis, we utilized K-Means and HAC to distinguish the navigation behavior of patients from normal individuals, emphasizing the most important discrepancies and then delving deeper to gain more insights.

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Topographical Working Memory in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Working Memory in Navigational and Reaching Spaces in Typically Developing Children at Increasing School Stages

Working Memory in Navigational and Reaching Spaces in Typically Developing Children at Increasing School Stages

“Where am I?” A snapshot of the developmental topographical disorientation among young Italian adults

Clustering analysis of human navigation trajectories in a visuospatial memory locomotor task using K-Means and hierarchical agglomerative clustering

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