Topographical organization of the auditory pathway within the prothoracic ganglion of the cricket Gryllus campestris L.

Wohlers, David; Huber, Franz

doi:10.1007/bf00219234

Cited by 84 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The area of the mVACs relative to the ganglion in stink bugs was smaller than those in tympanate insects such as cicadas (Wohlers et al 1979) and crickets (Wohlers and Huber 1985).…”

Section: Central Projections Of Cosmentioning

confidence: 84%

Chordotonal organs in hemipteran insects: unique peripheral structures but conserved central organization revealed by comparative neuroanatomy

2016

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(within 250 words)Hemipteran insects use sophisticated vibrational communications by striking body appendages to the substrate or by oscillating the abdominal tymbal. There has been, however, little investigation of sensory channels for processing vibrational signals.Using sensory nerve stainings and low invasive confocal analyses, we demonstrate the comprehensive neuronal mapping of putative vibration-responsive chordotonal organs

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“…The area of the mVACs relative to the ganglion in stink bugs was smaller than those in tympanate insects such as cicadas (Wohlers et al 1979) and crickets (Wohlers and Huber 1985).…”

Section: Central Projections Of Cosmentioning

confidence: 84%

Chordotonal organs in hemipteran insects: unique peripheral structures but conserved central organization revealed by comparative neuroanatomy

2016

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“…(i) It has been brought to our attention that a study on the developing retina of the rat has demonstrated dendritic sprouting in retinal ganglion cells and that these data provide evidence of dendritic competition for afferents (28). (ii) Recently, a thorough study of the neuroanatomy of the tracts of the prothbracic ganglion of the cricket, Gryllus campestris, has been published (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 should be reidentified as the anterior ring tract, in accordance with the designations of Wohlers and Huber (29). (iii) K.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic sprouting and compensatory synaptogenesis in an identified interneuron follow auditory deprivation in a cricket.

Hoy¹,

Nolen²,

Casaday³

1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We examined the effect of chronic afferent deprivation on an identified interneuron (Int-i) in the auditory system of the Australian field cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus. In normal intact crickets, the auditory afferents from each ear terminate ipsilaterally onto a single Int-i. Each bilaterally paired Int-i is excited by ultrasound stimulation of its ipsilateral ear but not by the contralateral ear. Unilateral removal of an ear early in postembryonic development deprives the developing Int-i of ipsilateral auditory innervation. Consequently, the ipsilateral dendrites of the deprived interneuron sprout, grow aberrantly across the ganglionic midline, and terminate specifically in the intact auditory neuropile of the contralateral (unlesioned) side, where they form functional synapses with the contralateral afferents. This unusual compensatory dendritic sprouting restores auditory function to the neuron. Thus, it is demonstrated that the dendritic shape of an identified Int, as well as its synaptic connectivity, is altered as a consequence of chronic sensory deprivation.The ability of a neuron to restore its structure and function after lesions have been inflicted on nervous tissue is a fundamental form of neuronal plasticity. Lesions made directly on a neuron by cutting or crushing its axon interrupt a cell's anatomical integrity as well as its physiological functions. However, the neuron may regenerate and thereby restore some measure of structural and functional integrity. A more subtle lesion occurs when a neuron is deprived of its synaptic input even though the neuron is not itself directly damaged. For example, a developing sensory organ can be removed before it makes synapses with target neurons in the central nervous system, effectively deafferenting the latter. Since the morphological targets of afferent terminals are usually the dendrites of the target cell, research has focused on the effect of deafferentation on the dendritic tree of the deprived target neurons. Depending on the species, the target neurons, and the timing ofdeafferentation, the morphological response of the affected dendrites varies from degeneration to no apparent change, to aberrant sprouting; in general, degeneration is more common. In this paper, we describe the effect of deafferentation in the auditory system of the Australian field cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus. We show that an identified auditory interneuron (Int-1) responds to chronic unilateral deafferentation by expanding its dendritic tree into the unlesioned contralateral auditory neuropile and making novel synaptic connections that effectively reafferent the lesioned Int-i, restoring physiological function; some of these results were reported in abstracts (1, 2).The auditory system of T. oceanicus is relatively simple (3,4). The auditory organ is located on the tibial segment of each foreleg. From there, the -"70 axons of the receptor cells run within the leg nerve and terminate in the prothoracic ganglion in a localized region of neuropile (auditory neuropile); ...

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“…Comparative studies have indicated that the central nervous system is evolutionarily conservative in structure and development [Thomas et al, 1984;Dumont and Robertson, 1986;Katz and HarrisWarrick, 1999;Yager, 1999a], thus it seems unlikely that it was again reduced to a small size while sensory inputs were retained and interpreted as pre-auditory. However, in Gryllidae the anterior ring tract, homologous to the mVAC, is less prominent [Wohlers and Huber, 1985].…”

Section: Evolutionary Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomy and Physiology of the Complex Tibial Organ of an Atympanate Ensiferan, <i>Ametrus tibialis</i> (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888) (Gryllacrididae, Orthoptera) and Evolutionary Implications

Strauß

Lakes‐Harlan

2008

Brain Behav Evol

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We investigated the neuroanatomy and physiology of the complex tibial organ of an atympanate ensiferan, the Gryllacridid Ametrus tibialis. This represents the first analysis of internal mechanoceptors in Gryllacridids. The complex tibial organ is tripartite consisting of a subgenual organ, intermediate organ and a homologue organ to the crista acustica of tympanate ensiferan taxa of Tettigoniidae, Haglidae, and Anostostomatidae. The crista homologue contains 23 ± 2 receptor neurons in the foreleg. It is associated with the leg trachea and found serially in all three thoracic leg pairs. Central projections of the sensory nerve of the complex tibial organ bifurcate in two lobes in the prothoracic ganglion, which do not reach the midline. The axonal endings project into the mVAC, the main vibratory-auditory neuropile of Ensifera. Recordings of the tibial nerve show that the tibial organ is sensitive to vibrational stimuli with a minimum threshold of 0.02 to 0.05 ms^–2 at 200–500 Hz, but rather insensitive to airborne sound. The main function of the tibial organ is therefore vibration sensing, although the specific function of the crista homologue remains unclear. The presence of the crista acustica homologue is interpreted in phylogenetic context. Because ensiferan phylogeny is unresolved, two alternative scenarios can be deduced: (a) the crista homologue is a precursor structure which was co-opted as an auditory system and represent a morphologically highly specialized structure before acquisition of its new function; (b) a previously functional tibial ear is evolutionary reduced but the neuronal structures are maintained. Based on comparison of neuroanatomical details, the crista acustica homologue of A. tibialis could present the neuronal complement of an ear evolutionary precursor structure, which was successively made sensitive to airborne sound by elaboration of cuticular tympana, auditory spiracle and trachea for sound propagation.

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Topographical organization of the auditory pathway within the prothoracic ganglion of the cricket Gryllus campestris L.

Cited by 84 publications

References 25 publications

Chordotonal organs in hemipteran insects: unique peripheral structures but conserved central organization revealed by comparative neuroanatomy

Chordotonal organs in hemipteran insects: unique peripheral structures but conserved central organization revealed by comparative neuroanatomy

Dendritic sprouting and compensatory synaptogenesis in an identified interneuron follow auditory deprivation in a cricket.

Neuroanatomy and Physiology of the Complex Tibial Organ of an Atympanate Ensiferan, <i>Ametrus tibialis</i> (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888) (Gryllacrididae, Orthoptera) and Evolutionary Implications

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