Topographic and biotic regulation of aboveground carbon storage in subtropical broad-leaved forests of Taiwan

McEwan, Ryan W.; Lin, Yiching; Sun, I‐Fang; Hsieh, Chang‐Fu; Su, Sheng‐Hsin; Chang, Li‐Wan; Song, Guo‐Zhang Michael; Wang, Hsiang‐Hua; Hwong, Jeen-Lian; Lin, Kuo-Chuan; Yang, Kuoh-Cheng; Chiang, Jyh‐Min

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2011.07.028

Cited by 89 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…We analyzed eight putatively important plant functional traits which are known to impact the survival and growth of trees at our study site (Iida et al 2014). We evaluated the following three hypotheses: H 1 EF is significantly positively related to tree functional diversity (FDis), in accordance with niche complementarity (NC) and consistent with the previous findings of a positive relationship between tree species richness and AGB at this site (McEwan et al 2011a). H 2 In accordance with the massratio hypothesis (MR), EF is strongly related to the functional identity of the community as measured by CWM trait values and negatively related to FDis (Díaz et al 2007).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Even so, it is far from clear that the NC-EF paradigm holds for all ecosystems and varying results have been found in forests (Reiss et al 2009;Paquette and Messier 2011;Ruiz-Jaen and Potvin 2011). While the previous work at our site suggested a positive relationship between tree species richness and EF (McEwan et al 2011a), taxonomic measures, such as species richness, do not account for the fact that some species may be functionally redundant (Loreau 2004). Our results reinforce the importance of considering functional, as well as taxonomic diversity when analysing B-EF relationships (Díaz and Cabido 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…1, 2), non-significant pathways (arrows) have been removed (as compared to the initial model). It is important to note that when interpreting a path analysis, consistency between our statistical model and data does not mean that our interpretations are correct, only that the data are consistent with our interpretations (McCune and Grace 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Tree height of each individual stem was estimated by a locally derived DBH-height allometric equation (McEwan et al 2011a), and wood density was assigned based on species identity. AGB stem estimated by this equation had previously been locally validated with 96 felled trees (McEwan et al 2011a).…”

Section: Aboveground Biomass and Coarse Woody Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AGB stem estimated by this equation had previously been locally validated with 96 felled trees (McEwan et al 2011a).…”

Section: Aboveground Biomass and Coarse Woody Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional composition drives ecosystem function through multiple mechanisms in a broadleaved subtropical forest

et al. 2016

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packing (stem density). Our results indicate that decreasing functional diversity and a significant influence of CWM traits were linked to increasing AGB for all eight traits in this forest supporting the MR hypothesis. Interestingly, CWP was primarily influenced by NC and MR indirectly via their influence on canopy packing. Maximum height explained more of the variation in both AGB and CWP than any of the other plant functional traits. Together, our results suggest that multiple mechanisms operate simultaneously to influence EF, and understanding their relative importance will help to elucidate the role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem function.

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Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

mentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Aboveground Biomass and Coarse Woody Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AGB stem estimated by this equation had previously been locally validated with 96 felled trees (McEwan et al 2011a).…”

Section: Aboveground Biomass and Coarse Woody Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional composition drives ecosystem function through multiple mechanisms in a broadleaved subtropical forest

et al. 2016

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Quantifying carbon stocks in shifting cultivation landscapes under divergent management scenarios relevant to REDD+

Borah

Evans

Edwards

2018

Ecological Applications

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Shifting cultivation dominates many tropical forest regions. It is expanding into old‐growth forests, and fallow period duration is rapidly decreasing, limiting secondary forest recovery. Shifting cultivation is thus a major driver of carbon emissions through deforestation and forest degradation, and of biodiversity loss. The impacts of shifting cultivation on carbon stocks have rarely been quantified, and the potential for carbon‐based payments for ecosystem services (PES), such as REDD+, to protect carbon in shifting cultivation landscapes is unknown. We present empirical data on aboveground carbon stocks in old‐growth forest and shifting cultivation landscapes in northeast India, a hotspot of threatened biodiversity. We then model landscape‐level carbon stocks under business‐as‐usual scenarios, via expansion into the old‐growth forest or decreasing fallow periods, and intervention scenarios in which REDD+ is used to either reduce deforestation of primary or secondary forest or increase fallow period duration. We found substantial recovery of carbon stocks as secondary forest regenerates, with a 30‐yr fallow storing about one‐half the carbon of an old‐growth forest. Business‐as‐usual scenarios led to substantial carbon loss, with an 80% reduction following conversion of old‐growth forest to a 30‐yr shifting cultivation cycle and, relative to a 30‐yr cultivation landscape, a 70% reduction when switching to a 5‐yr cultivation cycle. Sparing old‐growth forests from deforestation using protected areas and intensifying cropping in the remaining area of shifting cultivation is the most optimal strategy for carbon storage. In areas lacking old‐growth forest, substantial carbon stocks accumulate over time by sparing fallows for permanent forest regeneration. Successful implementation of REDD+ in shifting cultivation landscapes can help avert global climate change by protecting forest carbon, with likely co‐benefits for biodiversity.

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Spatial variability of soil nutrients in forest areas: A case study from subtropical China

Dai

et al. 2018

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and pH are important determinants and indicators of soil fertility and quality. Especially in forest, these soil properties are highly variable in space and time. However, more information on these properties in subtropical forests is needed to improve soil nutrients management and to sustain the productivity of subtropical forests. We collected a total of 838 forest topsoil samples (0–30 cm in depth) based on a 4‐km (E‐W) × 6‐km (S‐N) grid system in subtropical China. Geostatistics (i.e., global and local Moran's I) and geographical information system (GIS) techniques were applied to reveal the spatial distribution of N, P, and K contents and pH in subtropical forest soils. All the measured properties were highly variable. Soil N contents ranged from 9.55 mg kg−1 to 862.40 mg kg−1, P contents from 0.10 mg kg−1 to 195.40 mg kg−1, K contents from 10.00 mg kg−1 to 390.00 mg kg−1, and pH values from 2.69 to 8.09. The soil N, P and K contents correlated positively with soil organic carbon (SOC), while soil pH correlated negatively with SOC (P < 0.05). Global Moran's I revealed that soil N, P, and K contents and pH had significant positive spatial autocorrelations, and clear spatial patterns were identified based on local Moran's I. An exponential model was the best fitted model for soil N, P, K contents and pH. Spatial dependence was moderate for all studied soil variables, indicating that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors played a vital role in spatial heterogeneity. Distribution maps showed that soil N and K had similar spatial distribution patterns: a low value area surrounded by bands of higher values. A large‐scale low content area was observed in the spatial distribution map of soil P. An opposite trend was found for the spatial pattern of soil pH. The spatial distribution maps provide useful information for sustainable forest and environment management in subtropical China.

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Topographic and biotic regulation of aboveground carbon storage in subtropical broad-leaved forests of Taiwan

Cited by 89 publications

References 50 publications

Functional composition drives ecosystem function through multiple mechanisms in a broadleaved subtropical forest

Functional composition drives ecosystem function through multiple mechanisms in a broadleaved subtropical forest

Quantifying carbon stocks in shifting cultivation landscapes under divergent management scenarios relevant to REDD+

Spatial variability of soil nutrients in forest areas: A case study from subtropical China

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