Topical use of alcohol in ophthalmology - Diagnostic and therapeutic indications

Dua, Harminder S.; Deshmukh, Rashmi; Ting, Darren S J; Wilde, Craig; Nubile, Mario; Mastropasqua, Leonardo; Said, Dalia G.

doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2021.04.005

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 On the other hand, ethanol was chosen as a solvent, as it is able to solubilize both PC and NUT (solubility 100 and 58.15 mg/mL, respectively), and is compatible with ocular administration, preferably employed at low concentrations to avoid burning sensation. 38 To assess the microfluidics parameters, a previous study was conducted, evaluating the influence of TFR and FRR on size distribution of vesicles, using an ethanol solution of PC 30 mg/mL as the LP. In particular, the vesicle size distribution 1).…”

Section: Preparation Of Liposomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfluidic Fabricated Liposomes for Nutlin-3a Ocular Delivery as Potential Candidate for Proliferative Vitreoretinal Diseases Treatment

Esposito,

Pozza,

Contado

et al. 2024

IJN

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Purpose Proliferative vitreoretinal diseases (PVDs) represent a heterogeneous group of pathologies characterized by the presence of retinal proliferative membranes, in whose development retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is deeply involved. As the only effective treatment for PVDs at present is surgery, we aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic activity of Nutlin-3a, a small non-genotoxic inhibitor of the MDM2/p53 interaction, on ARPE-19 cell line and on human RPE primary cells, as in vitro models of RPE and, more importantly, to formulate and evaluate Nutlin-3a loaded liposomes designed for ophthalmic administration. Methods Liposomes were produced using an innovative approach by a microfluidic device under selection of different conditions. Liposome size distribution was evaluated by photon correlation spectroscopy and centrifugal field flow fractionation, while the liposome structure was studied by transmission electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The Nutlin-3a entrapment capacity was evaluated by ultrafiltration and HPLC. Nutlin-3a biological effectiveness as a solution or loaded in liposomes was evaluated by viability, proliferation, apoptosis and migration assays and by morphological analysis. Results The microfluidic formulative study enabled the selection of liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) 5.4 or 8.2 mg/mL and 10% ethanol, characterized by roundish vesicular structures with 150–250 nm mean diameters. Particularly, liposomes based on the lower PC concentration were characterized by higher stability. Nutlin-3a was effectively encapsulated in liposomes and was able to induce a significant reduction of viability and migration in RPE cell models. Conclusion Our results lay the basis for a possible use of liposomes for the ocular delivery of Nutlin-3a.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Liposomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Fabricated Liposomes for Nutlin-3a Ocular Delivery as Potential Candidate for Proliferative Vitreoretinal Diseases Treatment

Esposito,

Pozza,

Contado

et al. 2024

IJN

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“…This technique is currently considered as the standard for CXL and is often performed in outpatient settings. The corneal epithelium can be removed using alcohol ( 33 , 77 , 78 ), hockey knife ( 79 ), Amoils brush ( 80 ), or transepithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) ( 81 , 82 ). Removal of the hydrophobic corneal epithelium facilitates adequate riboflavin penetration and imbibition into the stroma, allowing for effective UV-A induced photochemical reactions and subsequent CXL.…”

Section: Surgical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of keratoconus: an updated review

et al. 2023

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Keratoconus is the most common corneal ectatic disorder. It is characterized by progressive corneal thinning with resultant irregular astigmatism and myopia. Its prevalence has been estimated at 1:375 to 1:2,000 people globally, with a considerably higher rate in the younger populations. Over the past two decades, there was a paradigm shift in the management of keratoconus. The treatment has expanded significantly from conservative management (e.g., spectacles and contact lenses wear) and penetrating keratoplasty to many other therapeutic and refractive modalities, including corneal cross-linking (with various protocols/techniques), combined CXL-keratorefractive surgeries, intracorneal ring segments, anterior lamellar keratoplasty, and more recently, Bowman’s layer transplantation, stromal keratophakia, and stromal regeneration. Several recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified important genetic mutations relevant to keratoconus, facilitating the development of potential gene therapy targeting keratoconus and halting the disease progression. In addition, attempts have been made to leverage the power of artificial intelligence-assisted algorithms in enabling earlier detection and progression prediction in keratoconus. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current and emerging treatment of keratoconus and propose a treatment algorithm for systematically guiding the management of this common clinical entity.

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“…However, as impression cytology only captures the superficial cells (or cells at a slightly deeper location via repeat applications at the same site) [ 108 ], it is less useful for diagnosing deep-seated Acanthamoeba infection. Alcohol delamination of the corneal epithelium has also been described to achieve the same diagnostic purpose for Acanthamoeba keratitis [ 115 ]. In addition, impression cytology has been used to rapidly diagnose viral keratitis secondary to herpesviruses and adenovirus using targeted monoclonal antibodies and immunofluorescence techniques, with good specificity and sensitivity [ 114 , 116 ].…”

Section: Current Diagnostic Armamentariummentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic armamentarium of infectious keratitis: A comprehensive review

et al. 2022

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Infectious keratitis (IK) represents the leading cause of corneal blindness worldwide, particularly in developing countries. A good outcome of IK is contingent upon timely and accurate diagnosis followed by appropriate interventions. Currently, IK is primarily diagnosed on clinical grounds supplemented by microbiological investigations such as microscopic examination with stains, and culture and sensitivity testing. Although this is the most widely accepted practice adopted in most regions, such an approach is challenged by several factors, including indistinguishable clinical features shared among different causative organisms, polymicrobial infection, long diagnostic turnaround time, and variably low culture positivity rate. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current diagnostic armamentarium of IK, encompassing conventional microbiological investigations, molecular diagnostics (including polymerase chain reaction and mass spectrometry), and imaging modalities (including anterior segment optical coherence tomography and in vivo confocal microscopy). We also highlight the potential roles of emerging technologies such as next-generation sequencing, artificial intelligence-assisted platforms. and tele-medicine in shaping the future diagnostic landscape of IK.

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Topical use of alcohol in ophthalmology - Diagnostic and therapeutic indications

Cited by 10 publications

References 95 publications

Microfluidic Fabricated Liposomes for Nutlin-3a Ocular Delivery as Potential Candidate for Proliferative Vitreoretinal Diseases Treatment

Microfluidic Fabricated Liposomes for Nutlin-3a Ocular Delivery as Potential Candidate for Proliferative Vitreoretinal Diseases Treatment

Management of keratoconus: an updated review

Diagnostic armamentarium of infectious keratitis: A comprehensive review

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