Topical Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid) Treatment for Liver Spots Associated with Photodamage

Abstract

Topical 0.1 percent tretinoin significantly improves both clinical and microscopical manifestations of liver spots; these lesions do not return for at least six months after therapy is discontinued.

A New Bleaching Protocol for Hyperpigmented Skin Lesions with a High Concentration of All-trans Retinoic Acid Aqueous Gel

“…The importance of the absorption of atRA was also suggested by the distinct reactions in different parts of the body [19]. Although most of our cases had the skin lesion on the face, the reaction to the treatment was found to be milder and slower on the trunk and extremities, especially on the lower extremities.…”

“…Furthermore, 31 of 39 cases (79%) were clinically evaluated as ''excellent'' or ''good'' in the gel group, as opposed to only 9 of 22 (41%) cases in the HO group. There have been a number of reports on the clinical effectiveness of single-use treatment with topical atRA for hyperpigmented lesions [6,11,19]. However, it usually took as many as 300 days to get satisfactory results with a lower success rate than our protocol [6,11,19].…”

Off-label uses of retinoids in dermatology

“…RA appears to activate resting melanocytes and augments UVR stimulation of melanogenesis; however, they do not alter or reduce melanogenic activity in pigment cell. RA may not augment UVR-induced melanin production; in instead, they increase the number of active melanocyte, resulting in reduced melanogensis [22][23][24][25].…”

Desenvolvimento, caracterização e avaliação de sistemas microestruturados para veiculação de ácido retinóico na pele

“…Sua utilização tópica demonstrou ainda, efeitos benéficos no tratamento de lesões hiperpigmentadas de vários tipos tais como aquelas associadas com dano solar em pacientes brancos e aquelas causadas por inflamação ou melasma em pacientes negros e também no tratamento de celulite (SHAPIRO; SALIOU, 2001;RAFAL et al, 1992;BULENGO-RANSBY et al, 1993;KIMBROUGH-GREEN et al, 1994).…”