Topical treatments with acylceramide dispersions restored stratum corneum lipid lamellar structures in a reconstructed human epidermis model

Nakaune-Iijima, Akina; Sugishima, A.; Omura, Go; Kitaoka, Hiroyuki; Tashiro, Tomoko; Kageyama, Shigeki; Hatta, Ichiro

doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.05.003

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…There are three possible organizations in intercellular spaces: (i) fluid organization, which is the most disordered and highly permeable, (ii) hexagonal organization, which is less dense and medium permeable, and (iii) orthorhombic organization, which is a highly ordered state and exhibits low permeability [32][33][34]. In the orthorhombic organization, highly ordered state is based on Van der Waals interactions in the tails and hydrogen bonds in the head groups of the lipids [35,36] and the ceramide molecules are organized with width and length as 0.41 nm and 0.37 nm in per 0.182 nm 2 area, respectively [37]. Besides, in the hexagonal organization, the ceramide molecules are arranged in an order having equal width and length as 0.41 nm in per 0.194 nm 2 area, respectively.…”

Section: Location and Position Of Ceramides In The Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Topical Application of Ceramides to Restore Barrier Function of Skin

et al. 2019

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Human skin is the largest organ of the body and is an effective physical barrier keeping it from environmental conditions. This barrier function of the skin is based on stratum corneum, located in the uppermost skin. Stratum corneum has corneocytes surrounded by multilamellar lipid membranes which are composed of cholesterol, free fatty acids and ceramides (CERs). Alterations in ceramide content of the stratum corneum are associated with numerous skin disorders. In recent years, CERs have been incorporated into conventional and novel carrier systems with the purpose of exogenously applying CERs to help the barrier function of the skin. This review provides an overview of the structure, function and importance of CERs to restore the barrier function of the skin following their topical application.

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Section: Location and Position Of Ceramides In The Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Topical Application of Ceramides to Restore Barrier Function of Skin

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, the SDS-treated SC is useful in examining the effects of cosmetics or pharmaceuticals on the SC of diseased or damaged skin at the molecular level. In fact, it has been confirmed that the LLS can be recovered by applying a nanoparticle containing CER EOS to the SC damaged by SDS 38 . In addition, in the molecular development of cleansers, it is necessary to consider the effect of surfactants on the LLS.…”

Section: Molecular Origin Of Damage Induced By Surfactant In Stratum Corneummentioning

confidence: 83%

Stratum Corneum Function: A Structural Study with Dynamic Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Experiments

et al. 2021

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cells are formed by cell division. Upon leaving the basal layer, cells start to differentiate and migrate in the direction of the surface of the skin via stratum spinosum. At the stratum granulosum terminal differentiation occurs, during which the viable cells are transformed into corneocytes. In the stratum corneum SC the corneocyte is surrounded by a cornified cell envelope composed of cross-linked proteins and covalently bound lipids. The SC part is enlarged, as Abstract: Studies on the effectiveness of substances such as drugs and cosmetics that act on the skin require structural evidence at the molecular level in the stratum corneum to clarify their interaction with intercellular lipid and soft keratin. For this purpose, when applying the substances to the stratum corneum X-ray diffraction experiment is one of the powerful tools. To detect minute structural changes in a stratum corneum sample, using a "solution cell", dynamic synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements were performed when applying aqueous solution of the substances to the stratum corneum: (1) It was found that a surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate, significantly disrupted the long-period lamellar structure. (2) To study the effects of water, structural modifications of the short-period lamellar structure and the soft keratin in corneocytes were measured as a function of time. At the initial water content of 15 wt%, the spacings of the short-period lamellar structure and the soft keratin increased toward those at the water content of 25 wt%, that is a key water content in the stratum corneum. (3) Nanoparticles composed of assembly of amphiphilic molecules are one of the leading pharmaceutical formulations. When the nanoparticles were applied, a new assembly of amphiphilic molecules originated from the nanoparticle appeared. This phenomenon suggests that the formation of the new assembly at the surface of skin is concerned with the release of the drug from the nanoparticles. (4) When ethanol was applied to the stratum corneum, only the liquid state in the intercellular lipid matrix was dissolved. After the removal of ethanol from this stratum corneum, the ordered hydrocarbon-chain packing structures appeared. From this fact we would propose that the liquid state region is the main pathway for hydrophobic drugs with a small molecular weight in connection with the so-called 500 Da rule. Here, not only the technique but also the background to these studies and the characteristic results obtained from these studies are explained.

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“…Some chemical agents were previously determined to be transdermal absorption enhancers that affect the intercellular lipid barrier by promoting fluidity and decreasing the Orth ratio. [7][8][9][10] However, agents that can restore the intercellular lipid packing structures directly have thus far not been identified except for CER [11][12][13][14] and FFA, 11) which are known intercellular lipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acids and Their <i>N</i>-Acetylated Derivatives Maintain the Skin’s Barrier Function

Ohnari

Sekiya

Naru

et al. 2021

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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The hydrocarbon-chain packing structure of intercellular lipids in the stratum corneum (SC) is critical to the skin's barrier function. We previously found that formation of V-shaped ceramide reduces the barrier function of skin. There are few agents, apart from ceramides and fatty acids that can improve the orthorhombic packing (Orth) ratio of the intercellular lipid packing structure. In this study, we investigated agents that directly increase the Orth ratio. We selected an intercellular lipid model consisting of ceramide, cholesterol, and palmitic acid and performed differential scanning calorimetry. We focused on natural moisturizing factor components in the SC, and therefore investigated amino acids and their derivatives. The results of our intercellular lipid model-based study indicate that N-acetyl-L-hydroxyproline (AHYP), remarkably, maintains the lamellar structure. We verified the effect of AHYP on the lamellar structure and hydrocarbon chain packing structure of intercellular lipids using time-resolved X-ray diffraction measurements of human SC. We also determined the direct physicochemical effects of AHYP on the Orth ratio of the hydrocarbon-chain packing structure. Hence, the results of our human SC study suggest that AHYP preserves skin barrier function by maintaining the hydrocarbon-chain packing structure of intercellular lipids via electrostatic repulsion. These findings will facilitate the development of skincare formulation that can maintain the skin's barrier function.

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Topical treatments with acylceramide dispersions restored stratum corneum lipid lamellar structures in a reconstructed human epidermis model

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Recent Advances on Topical Application of Ceramides to Restore Barrier Function of Skin

Recent Advances on Topical Application of Ceramides to Restore Barrier Function of Skin

Stratum Corneum Function: A Structural Study with Dynamic Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Experiments

Amino Acids and Their <i>N</i>-Acetylated Derivatives Maintain the Skin’s Barrier Function

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