Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children

Abstract

There is no high-quality evidence of the safety and efficacy of topical treatments for BKC, which resulted in uncertainty about the indications and effectiveness of topical treatment. Clinical trials are required to test efficacy and safety of current and any future treatments. Outcome measures need to be developed which can capture both objective clinical and patient-reported aspects of the condition and treatments.

Blepharitis Preferred Practice Pattern®

“…More clinical trials are warranted to establish safety and efficacy for the proper treatment of blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children. [42][43][44]  Isotretinoin…”

Topical ciclosporin 1 mg/ml for chronic ocular surface inflammation in children

“…Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, and blepharokeratoconjunctivitis are common forms of chronic ocular surface inflammation in children, frequently requiring intermittent or long-term use of topical steroids to control symptoms and preserve corneal clarity [1][2][3]. Topical steroid use can be complicated by lens opacification and intraocular pressure rise, which can be challenging to accurately check for in children.…”

Meibography and corneal volume optical coherence tomography to quantify damage to ocular structures in children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis

“…; Cehajic‐Kapetanovic & Kwartz ; O'Gallagher et al. , ). However, these changes may take time to reverse and short term studies may not detect change which may occur later.…”

“…, ) there are several potential targets for treatment, such as eradication of lid pathogens by topical and oral antibiotics, dilution of tear film cytokines by topical lubricants and dampening of the ocular surface immune response by topical steroids and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatories (O'Gallagher et al. , ). However, an optimal long‐term treatment strategy is not available.…”