Topical treatment of recurrent cutaneous leishmaniasis with ointment containing paromomycin and methylbenzethonium chloride.

Leishmania tropica in northern Israel: A clinical overview of an emerging focus

“…7,11,21 Problems with current therapeutic options include relative lack of efficacy of paromomycin with MBCL for treating L tropica: 45% complete cure in the current study, as compared with its greater efficacy (76%-86% complete cure) in infections with L major. 19,20 In Turkey, the L tropica cure rate with paromomycin was 37.5%, 22 similar to the rate found in our study. Unfortunately, most studies of Old World CL from countries endemic for both L tropica and L major do not include speciation.…”

“…19,20 Pentavalent antimonials play a leading role in antiLeishmania treatment. Their mechanism of action is not fully understood, but may involve inhibition of adenosine triphosphate synthesis.…”

Liposomal amphotericin B treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica

“…The preferable treatment for mild and few lesions of Old World CL is topical treatment with either paromomycin ointment or IL injection of pentavalent antimony, or cryotherapy and sometimes no therapy. CL due to L. tropica is more resistant to treatment and efficacy of paromomycin ointment is only 45% as shown in a previous Israeli study, 10 in comparison to its greater efficacy (76–86% complete cure) with Israeli L. major 17,18 . In Turkey, cure rate with paromomycin for L. tropica CL was even lower, 37.5% 19 …”

Treatment of acute Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: A systematic review of the randomized controlled trials

“…4,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Paromomycin, also known as aminosidine, is an aminoglycoside which has been used clinically in the treatment of CL since 1985. 23 It was considered to be a great achievement because of its relatively low cost and easy application, which eliminates the need for injection. Paromomycin ointments have contained different major components, including methylbenzethonium chloride, wool fat, water, white soft paraffin, and 10% urea.…”