Topical Heat Therapy for Cutaneous Chromomycosis

Tagami, Hachiro; Ohi, Masatoshi; Aoshima, Tadahiro; Moriguchi, Michiko; Suzuki, Noriko; Yamada, Miki

doi:10.1001/archderm.1979.04010060048030

Cited by 50 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Heat therapy has particularly been applied in Japan (273,274). A 1-month application of a disposable chemical pocket warmer occluded with a bandage over the lesions 24 h per day resulted in an improvement of lesions and negative microscopic examination and culture results (275,276).…”

Section: Heat Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromoblastomycosis

et al. 2017

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SUMMARY Chromoblastomycosis (CBM), also known as chromomycosis, is one of the most prevalent implantation fungal infections, being the most common of the gamut of mycoses caused by melanized or brown-pigmented fungi. CBM is mainly a tropical or subtropical disease that may affect individuals with certain risk factors around the world. The following characteristics are associated with this disease: (i) traumatic inoculation by implantation from an environmental source, leading to an initial cutaneous lesion at the inoculation site; (ii) chronic and progressive cutaneous and subcutaneous tissular involvement associated with fibrotic and granulomatous reactions associated with microabscesses and often with tissue proliferation; (iii) a nonprotective T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response with ineffective humoral involvement; and (iv) the presence of muriform (sclerotic) cells embedded in the affected tissue. CBM lesions are clinically polymorphic and are commonly misdiagnosed as various other infectious and noninfectious diseases. In its more severe clinical forms, CBM may cause an incapacity for labor due to fibrotic sequelae and also due to a series of clinical complications, and if not recognized at an early stage, this disease can be refractory to antifungal therapy.

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Section: Heat Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromoblastomycosis

et al. 2017

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“…Chromoblastomycosis has been treated with thermotherapy, applying local heat to produce controlled temperatures ranging 42 -45°C, as most causal agents show growth inhibition at these temperatures [20,21]. This kind of therapy has been often used to treat sporotrichosis, much more successfully, given that its causal agent (Sporothrix schenckii) is extremely heat-sensitive [22].…”

Section: Therapy Using Physical Meansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This kind of therapy has been often used to treat sporotrichosis, much more successfully, given that its causal agent (Sporothrix schenckii) is extremely heat-sensitive [22]. Several Japanese authors [20,21,[23][24][25] have used it in both types of mycoses, applying packs that keep the temperature stable (43°C) and that fit several body parts, which facilitates its application. Tagami et al [24] reported a case series in which they used two types of thermotherapy to treat small cases: the benzene pocket warmer (Hakukin-Kairo Ltd) and the pocket handkerchief-type warmers (manufactured by several Japanese companies) and, for the extensive cases, they use electric blankets.…”

Section: Therapy Using Physical Meansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating chromoblastomycosis with systemic antifungals

Bonifáz

Paredes-Solis

Saúl

2004

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

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Chromoblastomycosis is a subcutaneous mycosis for which there is no treatment of choice but rather, several treatment options, with low cure rates and many relapses. The choice of treatment should consider several conditions, such as the causal agent (the most common one being Fonsecaea pedrosoi ), extension of the lesions, clinical topography and health status of the patient. Most oral and systemic antifungals have been used; the best results have been obtained with itraconazole and terbinafine at high doses, for a mean of 6 - 12 months. In extensive and refractory cases, chemotherapy with oral antifungals may be associated with thermotherapy (local heat and/or cryosurgery). Limited or early cases may be managed with surgical methods, always associated with oral antifungal agents. It is important to determine the in vitro sensitivity of the major causal agents to the various drugs, by estimating the minimum inhibitory concentration, as well as drug tolerability and drug interactions.

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“…As demonstrated in this study, these cooler temperatures appear to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation during the later stages of this response. Similar effects of reduced temperature on other lymphocyte functions could be a factor causing certain chronic infections to be confined to the skin and to respond to local application of heat (5,12,13).…”

Section: Days Of Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of reduced temperature on the components of human lymphocyte transformation responses to antigens

Lettau¹,

Sohnle²

1982

Infect Immun

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The present studies were designed to determine the site at which reduced temperature, such as that found at the skin surface, affects the lymphocyte transformation response to an antigenic stimulus. Extracts of Candida albicans and Pityrosporum orbiculare were used as antigens since most normal subjects demonstrate positive lymphocyte responses to both. Total lymphocyte transformation responses to both antigens were reduced and delayed at 34.5 as compared with 37°C. The former temperature did not significantly affect the numbers of antigen-responsive cells, as estimated by limiting dilution analysis. However, the response of first-generation lymphocytes to both antigens was significantly reduced at the lower temperature. There did not seem to be any significant differences between the two antigens with respect to the effects of the reduced temperature on the resulting lymphocyte transformation response or its components. Therefore, the present data suggest that reduced temperature suppresses antigen-stimulated lymphocyte transformation by affecting the later stages of this response.

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Topical Heat Therapy for Cutaneous Chromomycosis

Cited by 50 publications

References 6 publications

Chromoblastomycosis

Chromoblastomycosis

Treating chromoblastomycosis with systemic antifungals

Effects of reduced temperature on the components of human lymphocyte transformation responses to antigens

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