Topical Ciprofloxacin Treatment of Pseudomonas Keratitis in Rabbits

O’Brien, Terrence P.; Sawusch, Mark R.; Dick, James D.; Gottsch, John D.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1988.01060140608032

Cited by 46 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our experimental setup of S. aureus keratitis is modeled on previous studies that established the efficacy of cephalosporins in bacterial keratitis [13]. This ensured inoculation of equal amounts of organisms intrastromally.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

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Effect of topical povidone-iodine versus topical ofloxacin on experimental Staphylococcus keratitis

Melki

Safar

Yaghouti

et al. 2000

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…The sterility achieved with ofloxacin is consistent with previous studies [13]. The difference in antibacterial effect between the two agents is probably related to a difference in intracorneal penetration rather than potency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Effect of topical povidone-iodine versus topical ofloxacin on experimental Staphylococcus keratitis

Melki

Safar

Yaghouti

et al. 2000

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

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“…They may act as a tear film antibiotic retention device thereby facilitating penetration by prolonging contact time [20,116]. In addition, collagen corneal shields soaked in antibiotic solution have also been used as an effective adjunct and have shown to increase antibiotic penetration [132,203]. Furthermore, temporary intracanalicular collagen implants and liposomal systems have also been designed to prolong drug retention and interaction [50,166].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of microbial keratitis

Lakhundi

Siddiqui

Khan

2017

Microbial Pathogenesis

173

121

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Microbial keratitis is a sight-threatening ocular infection caused by bacteria, fungi, and protist pathogens. Epithelial defects and injuries are key predisposing factors making the eye susceptible to corneal pathogens. Among bacterial pathogens, the most common agents responsible for keratitis include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumonia and Serratia species. Fungal agents of corneal infections include both filamentous as well as yeast, including Fusarium, Aspergillus, Phaeohyphomycetes, Curvularia, Paecilomyces, Scedosporium and Candida species, while in protists, Acanthamoeba spp. are responsible for causing ocular disease. Clinical features include redness, pain, tearing, blur vision and inflammation but symptoms vary depending on the causative agent. The underlying molecular mechanisms associated with microbial pathogenesis include virulence factors as well as the host factors that aid in the progression of keratitis, resulting in damage to the ocular tissue. The treatment therefore should focus not only on the elimination of the culprit but also on the neutralization of virulence factors to minimize the damage, in addition to repairing the damaged tissue. A complete understanding of the pathogenesis of microbial keratitis will lead to the rational development of therapeutic interventions. This is a timely review of our current understanding of the advances made in this field in a comprehensible manner. Coupled with the recently available genome sequence information and high throughput genomics technology, and the availability of innovative approaches, this will stimulate interest in this field.

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“…The MICs ranged from 16 to 32 g/ml, which are levels difficult to obtain in corneal tissue by topical application. Topical application of ciprofloxacin could yield an aqueous humor concentration of 4.82 ± 2.15 g/ml in the presence of an intact epithelium; a concentration of 12.9 ± 4.39 g /ml after debridement of the corneal epithelium (21). This achievable drug concentration is higher than the MIC 50 of ciprofloxacin that is 4 g/ml in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%