Topical chemotherapy of cutaneous Leishmaniasis

EI-On, J.; Jacobs, G.P.; Weinrauch, Louis

doi:10.1016/0169-4758(88)90200-1

Cited by 50 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Against the New World pathogen L. panamensis, only berberine, the natural product, showed significant in vivo activity (greater than 50% suppression of lesion size). Although berberine has an ethnomedicinal history in India for cutaneous leishmaniasis, topical application was ineffective in in vivo tests (El-On et al 1988).…”

Section: Bisbenzylisoquinolinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural products as antiparasitic drugs

Kayser

Kiderlen

Croft

2003

Parasitology Research

326

239

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Natural products are not only the basis for traditional or ethnic medicine. Only recently, they have provided highly successful new drugs such as Artemisinin. Furthermore, screening natural products found in all sorts of environments such as the deep sea, rain forests and hot springs, and produced by all sorts of organisms ranging from bacteria, fungi and plants to protozoa, sponges and invertebrates, is a highly competitive field where all of the major pharmaceutical companies are encountered. Already, many new natural product groups have revealed antiparasitic properties of surprising efficacy and selectivity, as will be shown in this review for plant-derived alkaloids, terpenes and phenolics. Many novel lead structures, however, have severe chemico-physical drawbacks such as poor solubility. Here, innovative drug formulations and carrier systems might help, as discussed by the authors in another article of this series.

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Section: Bisbenzylisoquinolinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural products as antiparasitic drugs

Kayser

Kiderlen

Croft

2003

Parasitology Research

326

239

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“…Topical formulations containing paramomycin (PA, an aminoglycoside antibiotic) at 15% combined with 12% methylbenzethonium chloride (MBCL) in a hydrophobic base (petrolatum ointment) have presented favorable results, especially against Leishmania (Leishmania) major infections (El-On et al 1988). Recently, a healing rate of 91.4% in patients from Guatemala, presumably infected by L. (Viannia) braziliensis and L. (L.) mexicana (Arana et al 2001a), was achieved after treatment with this formulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of the efficacy of formulations containing fluconazole or paromomycin for topical treatment of infections by Leishmania (Leishmania) major and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

2007

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The development of alternative therapeutic approaches for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has received considerable attention in recent research, including the identification of formulations for topical treatment. In the present study, the activity of two formulations was evaluated in BALB/c mice experimentally infected with either Leishmania (Leishmania) major or L. (L.) amazonensis, a hydrophilic gel containing 10% paromomycin (PAHG) and a cream containing 1% fluconazole (FLUC). After development of ulcerated lesions, infected mice were divided into three groups of five animals each: (1) PA group: Lesions were covered with 50 microl of PAHG; (2) FLUC group: Lesions were covered with 50 microl of FLUC, and (3) placebo group: treated with gel without paromomycin. During and after treatment, the size of lesions was determined weekly using a caliper. The efficacy of PAHG was significantly higher than that observed for FLUC for both Leishmania species. The PAHG formulation was effective in promoting the healing of ulcers in all animals 28 days after the beginning of treatment, whereas none of the animals was cured by FLUC. These results suggest that the PAHG formulation could be suitable for clinical studies and may represent an alternative formulation for the topical treatment of CL.

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“…Only berberine, the natural product, showed significant activity (greater than 50% suppression of lesion size) against L. panamensis. Berberine was used for cutaneous leishmaniasis in India but was not effective when applied topically [122]. Recently catecholic berberines, (-)-pessione (93) and (-)-spinosine (94), have been isolated and tested for antileishmanial and trypanocidal (T. cruzi) activity in vitro.…”

Section: Benzyl-and Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the therapy of protozoa infections its use is limited because of the poor therapeutic ratio against Trypanosoma gambiense, L. donovani and P. falciparum [138,139]. Conodurine (122) and conoduramine from Peschiera van heurkii (Apocyanaceae) (123) showed antileishmanial activity with EC 50 value of 50 µg/mL against L. amazonensis promastigotes in vitro [140]. Conodurine was less active than Glucantime (EC 50 = 40 mg/kg/day, BALB/c mice) in vivo against L. amazonensis, and doses of conodurine at 200 mg/kg were toxic [140].…”

Section: Indolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural products as potential antiparasitic drugs

Kayser

Kiderlen

Croft

2002

Studies in Natural Products Chemistry

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Pharmaceutical research in natural products represents a major strategy for discovering and developing new drugs. The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of parasitic diseases is well known and documented since ancient times e.g. by the use of Cinchona succiruba (Rubiaceae) as an antimalarial. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the latest results in the field of antiparasitic drug development from biologic sources (plants, bacteria, fungi and marine organisms) focussing on the treatment of protozoal infections (Plasmodium, Leishmania, Trypanosoma spp.). The status of validated in vitro and in vivo assays is reviewed, discussing their different features, problems and limitations. Because of the high number of natural products tested against the aforesaid protozoa in the last years, we limit the discussion to lignans, phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids as defined natural product classes. The review also covers essential research topics of recent publications on specific natural products (e.g. licochalcone A, benzyl-and naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, and artemisinin) and gives an outlook to semisynthetic approaches of drugs already introduced in clinics or in clinical trial studies.

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Topical chemotherapy of cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Cited by 50 publications

References 22 publications

Natural products as antiparasitic drugs

Natural products as antiparasitic drugs

Comparative study of the efficacy of formulations containing fluconazole or paromomycin for topical treatment of infections by Leishmania (Leishmania) major and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

Natural products as potential antiparasitic drugs

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