Topical Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Petiveria alliacea, Chemical Profiling and Computational Investigation of Phytoconstituents Identified from its Active Fraction

Olajubutu, Oluwabukunmi G.; Ogunremi, Bioluwatife I.; Adewole, Adetola H.; Awotuya, Oluwafemi I.; Fakola, Emmanuel G.; Anyim, Godwin; Kolade,; Faloye, O.

doi:10.1007/s42250-022-00339-y

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…On the other hand, in order to examine the possible anti-inflammatory properties of chemical compounds isolated from Petiveria alliacea , Olajubutu et al [ 52 ] in their investigation indicated that stigmasterol was the main agent among other identified chemical compounds and reported that stigmasterol from the n -hexane fraction and ethanolic extract of P. alliacea inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory proteins. Interestingly, it exhibited the best binding energy (6.5 kcal/mol) against TNF-α.…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Stigmasterol

et al. 2022

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Stigmasterol is an unsaturated phytosterol belonging to the class of tetracyclic triterpenes. It is one of the most common plant sterols, found in a variety of natural sources, including vegetable fats or oils from many plants. Currently, stigmasterol has been examined via in vitro and in vivo assays and molecular docking for its various biological activities on different metabolic disorders. The findings indicate potent pharmacological effects such as anticancer, anti-osteoarthritis, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, antiparasitic, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Indeed, stigmasterol from plants and algae is a promising molecule in the development of drugs for cancer therapy by triggering intracellular signaling pathways in numerous cancers. It acts on the Akt/mTOR and JAK/STAT pathways in ovarian and gastric cancers. In addition, stigmasterol markedly disrupted angiogenesis in human cholangiocarcinoma by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) signaling down-regulation. The association of stigmasterol and sorafenib promoted caspase-3 activity and down-regulated levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in breast cancer. Antioxidant activities ensuring lipid peroxidation and DNA damage lowering conferred to stigmasterol chemoprotective activities in skin cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation also contributes to the neuroprotective effects of stigmasterol, as well as dopamine depletion and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. The anti-inflammatory properties of phytosterols involve the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, the decrease in inflammatory mediator release, and the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Stigmasterol exerts anti-diabetic effects by reducing fasting glucose, serum insulin levels, and oral glucose tolerance. Other findings showed the antiparasitic activities of this molecule against certain strains of parasites such as Trypanosoma congolense (in vivo) and on promastigotes and amastigotes of the Leishmania major (in vitro). Some stigmasterol-rich plants were able to inhibit Candida albicans, virusei, and tropicalis at low doses. Accordingly, this review outlines key insights into the pharmacological abilities of stigmasterol and the specific mechanisms of action underlying some of these effects. Additionally, further investigation regarding pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology is recommended.

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Section: Anti-inflammatory Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, this bioactive sterol extracted from different natural sources plays an important anti-inflammatory and analgesic role [ 48 ]. The anti-inflammatory properties of stigmasterol were assessed in vivo, and the underlying mechanism of action was demonstrated by molecular docking analysis [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Stigmasterol

et al. 2022

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“…Furthermore, the electrophilicity and electronegativity of a molecule help in obtaining cogent information on electron acceptance and electron-withdrawing properties of a molecule. 51 Therefore, a higher electronegativity and electrophilicity value of a phytochemical indicates its ability to attract and donate an electron. Hence, nimbidic acid and desacetylnimbinolide are the best electron-accepting and electron-donating molecules, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC-MS Analysis, Computational Investigation, and Antimalarial Studies ofAzadirachta indicaFruit

Faloye

Adesida

Oguntimehin

et al. 2023

Bioinform Biol Insights

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Malaria is a deadly disease that continues to pose a threat to children and maternal well-being. This study was designed to identify the chemical constituents in the ethanolic fruit extract of Azadirachta indica, elucidate the pharmacological potentials of identified phytochemicals through the density functional theory method and carry out the antimalarial activity of extract using chemosuppression and curative models. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of the ethanolic extract was carried out, followed by the density functional theory studies of the identified phytochemicals using B3LYP and 6-31G (d, p) basis set. The antimalarial assays were performed using the chemosuppression (4 days) and curative models. The LC-MS fingerprint of the extract led to the identification of desacetylnimbinolide, nimbidiol, O-methylazadironolide, nimbidic acid, and desfurano-6α-hydroxyazadiradione. Also, the frontier molecular orbital properties, molecular electrostatic potential, and dipole moment studies revealed the identified phytochemicals as possible antimalarial agents. The ethanolic extract of A indica fruit gave 83% suppression at 800 mg/kg, while 84% parasitaemia clearance was obtained in the curative study. The study provided information about the phytochemicals and background pharmacological evidences of the antimalarial ethnomedicinal claim of A indica fruit. Thus, isolation and structure elucidation of the identified phytochemicals from the active ethanolic extract and extensive antimalarial studies towards the discovery of new therapeutic agents is recommended for further studies.

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Unveiling the molecular mechanisms: dietary phytosterols as guardians against cardiovascular diseases

El Omari,

Bakrim,

Khalid

et al. 2024

Nat. Prod. Bioprospect.

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Until recently, the main pharmaceuticals used to control cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) were statin-related drugs, known for their historical side effects. Therefore, there is growing interest in exploring alternatives, such as nutritional and dietary components, that could play a central role in CVD prevention. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how natural phytosterols found in various diets combat CVDs. We begin with a description of the overall approach, then we explore in detail the different direct and indirect mechanisms that contribute to reducing cardiovascular incidents. Phytosterols, including stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, ergosterol, and fucosterol, emerge as promising molecules within nutritional systems for protection against CVDs due to their beneficial effects at different levels through direct or indirect cellular, subcellular, and molecular mechanisms. Specifically, the mentioned phytosterols exhibit the ability to diminish the generation of various radicals, including hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide. They also promote the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, while inhibiting lipid peroxidation through the activation of Nrf2 and Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathways. Additionally, they demonstrate a significant inhibitory capacity in the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus playing a crucial role in regulating the inflammatory/immune response by inhibiting the expression of proteins involved in cellular signaling pathways such as JAK3/STAT3 and NF-κB. Moreover, phytosterols play a key role in reducing cholesterol absorption and improving the lipid profile. These compounds can be used as dietary supplements or included in specific diets to aid control cholesterol levels, particularly in individuals suffering from hypercholesterolemia. Graphical Abstract

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Topical Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Petiveria alliacea, Chemical Profiling and Computational Investigation of Phytoconstituents Identified from its Active Fraction

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Stigmasterol

Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Stigmasterol

LC-MS Analysis, Computational Investigation, and Antimalarial Studies ofAzadirachta indicaFruit

Unveiling the molecular mechanisms: dietary phytosterols as guardians against cardiovascular diseases

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