Top‐down estimate of dust emissions through integration of MODIS and MISR aerosol retrievals with the GEOS‐Chem adjoint model

Wang, Jun; Xu, Xiangde; Henze, D. K.; Zeng, Jing; Ji, Qiang; Tsay, Si‐Chee; Huang, Jianping

doi:10.1029/2012gl051136

Cited by 102 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(38 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several offline CTMs already have adjoints for constraining aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions, including GEOS-Chem (Henze et al, 2007), Sulfur Transport dEposition Model (STEM) Hakami et al, 2005), Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) (Turner et al, 2015), Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport model (GOCART) (Dubovik et al, 2008), and Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMDz) . Inverse modeling has been used to constrain aerosol emissions with 4D-Var, but only in offline models (e.g., Hakami et al, 2005;Dubovik et al, 2008;Henze et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2012). In addition to inverse modeling, derivatives calculated from CTM adjoints have been used to analyze sensitivities of model estimates to emissions (e.g., Turner et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of the WRFPLUS-Chem online chemistry adjoint and WRFDA-Chem assimilation system

Guerrette

Henze

2015

Geosci. Model Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.Here we present the online meteorology and chemistry adjoint and tangent linear model, WRFPLUSChem (Weather Research and Forecasting plus chemistry), which incorporates modules to treat boundary layer mixing, emission, aging, dry deposition, and advection of black carbon aerosol. We also develop land surface and surface layer adjoints to account for coupling between radiation and vertical mixing. Model performance is verified against finite difference derivative approximations. A second-order checkpointing scheme is created to reduce computational costs and enable simulations longer than 6 h. The adjoint is coupled to WRFDA-Chem, in order to conduct a sensitivity study of anthropogenic and biomass burning sources throughout California during the 2008 Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) field campaign. A cost-function weighting scheme was devised to reduce the impact of statistically insignificant residual errors in future inverse modeling studies. Results of the sensitivity study show that, for this domain and time period, anthropogenic emissions are overpredicted, while wildfire emission error signs vary spatially. We consider the diurnal variation in emission sensitivities to determine at what time sources should be scaled up or down. Also, adjoint sensitivities for two choices of land surface model (LSM) indicate that emission inversion results would be sensitive to forward model configuration. The tools described here are the first step in conducting four-dimensional variational data assimilation in a coupled meteorology-chemistry model, which will potentially provide new constraints on aerosol precursor emissions and their distributions. Such analyses will be invaluable to assessments of particulate matter health and climate impacts.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of the WRFPLUS-Chem online chemistry adjoint and WRFDA-Chem assimilation system

Guerrette

Henze

2015

Geosci. Model Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The dust simulation in GEOS-Chem has been able to capture the magnitude and seasonal cycle of dust over the northeast Pacific and the timing and vertical structure of dust outflow in the free troposphere from Asia . Moreover, the positive biases of the dust simulations of both concentration and AOD in GEOS-Chem over the dust source regions and downwind areas (Generoso et al, 2008;Fairlie et al, 2010;Johnson et al, 2012;Ridley et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012) have been improved in our current study.…”

Section: Zhang Et Al: Dust Vertical Profile Impact On Global Radimentioning

confidence: 87%

Dust vertical profile impact on global radiative forcing estimation using a coupled chemical-transport–radiative-transfer model

Zhang

et al. 2013

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atmospheric mineral dust particles exert significant direct radiative forcings and are important drivers of climate and climate change. We used the GEOS-Chem global three-dimensional chemical transport model (CTM) coupled with the Fu-Liou-Gu (FLG) radiative transfer model (RTM) to investigate the dust radiative forcing and heating rate based on different vertical profiles for April 2006. We attempt to actually quantify the sensitivities of radiative forcing to dust vertical profiles, especially the discrepancies between using realistic and climatological vertical profiles. In these calculations, dust emissions were constrained by observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD). The coupled calculations utilizing a more realistic dust vertical profile simulated by GEOS-Chem minimize the physical inconsistencies between 3-D CTM aerosol fields and the RTM. The use of GEOS-Chem simulated vertical profile of dust extinction, as opposed to the FLG prescribed vertical profile, leads to greater and more spatially heterogeneous changes in the estimated radiative forcing and heating rate produced by dust. Both changes can be attributed to a different vertical structure between dust and non-dust source regions. Values of the dust vertically resolved AOD per grid level (VRAOD) are much larger in the middle troposphere, though smaller at the surface when the GEOS-Chem simulated vertical profile is used, which leads to a much stronger heating rate in the middle troposphere. Compared to the FLG vertical profile, the use of GEOS-Chem vertical profile reduces the solar radiative forcing at the top of atmosphere (TOA) by approximately 0.2–0.25 W m⁻² over the African and Asian dust source regions. While the Infrared (IR) radiative forcing decreases 0.2 W m⁻² over African dust belt, it increases 0.06 W m⁻² over the Asian dust belt when the GEOS-Chem vertical profile is used. Differences in the solar radiative forcing at the surface between the use of the GEOS-Chem and FLG vertical profiles are most significant over the Gobi desert with a value of about 1.1 W m⁻². The radiative forcing effect of dust particles is more pronounced at the surface over the Sahara and Gobi deserts by using FLG vertical profile, while it is less significant over the downwind area of Eastern Asia

show abstract

“…However, Fushimi et al (2011) and Chatani et al (2014) suggested that the difference in the EC concentrations between WRF-CMAQ and the measurements is largely attributed to an underestimation of the EC emission inventory, especially open biomass burning from domestic 252 D. Goto et al: Application of a global nonhydrostatic model to regional aerosol simulations around Japan sources. The local EC emission can be estimated by a combination of the data assimilation and intensive measurements (Schutgens et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012;Yumimoto and Takemura, 2013).…”

Section: Uncertainty In the Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a global nonhydrostatic model with a stretched-grid system to regional aerosol simulations around Japan

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. An aerosol-coupled global nonhydrostatic model with a stretched-grid system has been developed. Circulations over the global and target domains are simulated with a single model, which includes fine meshes covering the target region to calculate meso-scale circulations. The stretched global model involves lower computational costs to simulate atmospheric aerosols with fine horizontal resolutions compared with a global uniform nonhydrostatic model, whereas it may require higher computational costs compared with the general regional models, because the stretched-grid system calculates inside and outside the target domain. As opposed to general regional models, the stretched-grid system requires neither a nesting technique nor lateral boundary conditions. In this study, we developed a new-type regional model for the simulation of aerosols over Japan, especially in the Kanto areas surrounding Tokyo, with a maximum horizontal resolution of approximately 10 km. This model usually reproduces temporal variations and their averages of the observed weather around Japan. This model generally reproduces monthly mean distributions of the observed sulfate and SO 2 over East Asia, with high correlations (R > 0.6), but the underestimation of the simulated concentrations by 40 % (sulfate) and 50 % (SO 2 ). Their underestimation of the simulated sulfate and SO 2 concentrations over East Asia are strongly affected by their underestimation in China and possibly by the uncertainty of the simulated precipitation around Japan. In the Kanto area, this model succeeds in simulating the wind patterns and the diurnal transitions around the center of the Kanto area, although it is inadequate to simulate the wind patterns and the diurnal transitions at some sites located at the edge of the Kanto area and surrounded on three sides by mountains, e.g., Maebashi, mainly due to the insufficient horizontal resolution. This model also generally reproduces both diurnal and synoptic variations of the observed and/or a regional aerosol-transport model, WRF-CMAQ, simulated EC, sulfate, and SO 2 concentrations in the Kanto area, especially with their high correlation (R > 0.5) at Komae/Tokyo. Although the aerosol module used in this study is relatively simplified compared to the general regional aerosol models, this study reveals that our proposed model with the stretchedgrid system can be applicable for the regional aerosol simulation.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. D. Goto et al.: Application of a global nonhydrostatic model to regional aerosol simulations around Japan

show abstract

Top‐down estimate of dust emissions through integration of MODIS and MISR aerosol retrievals with the GEOS‐Chem adjoint model

Cited by 102 publications

References 28 publications

Development and application of the WRFPLUS-Chem online chemistry adjoint and WRFDA-Chem assimilation system

Development and application of the WRFPLUS-Chem online chemistry adjoint and WRFDA-Chem assimilation system

Dust vertical profile impact on global radiative forcing estimation using a coupled chemical-transport–radiative-transfer model

Application of a global nonhydrostatic model with a stretched-grid system to regional aerosol simulations around Japan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About