“…Several studies investigated effects of feedback reliability on these ERP components using a variety of paradigms, including reversal learning (Schiffer et al, ), time estimation (Li, Peng, et al, ), a go/no‐go task (Walentowska et al, ), or a learn‐test paradigm (Ernst & Steinhauser, , ). Common to all these tasks is that participants have to learn the correct response (Ernst & Steinhauser, , ; Schiffer et al, ) or optimize their decision behavior (Li, Peng, et al, ), while being informed that the feedback is either unreliable, meaning that it often does not reflect their true performance or is uninformative. In most studies, instructions were provided that truthfully informed about the actual feedback reliability, sometimes additionally cued by a stimulus (Li, Peng, et al, ) or stimulus characteristics (Ernst & Steinhauser, ; Walentowska et al, ).…”