Top-down control of arousal and sleep: Fundamentals and clinical implications

Krone, Lukas B.; Frase, Lukas; Piosczyk, Hannah; Selhausen, Peter; Zittel, S.; Jahn, Friederike; Kühn, Marion; Feige, Bernd; Mainberger, Florian; Klöppel, Stefan; Riemann, Dieter; Spiegelhalder, Kai; Baglioni, Chiara; Sterr, Annette; Nissen, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.12.005

Cited by 63 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Similar results were also shown in ketamine‐dependent individuals (Liao et al, ). In addition, thalamocortical neurons are essential for thalamocortical information transfer and regulation of arousal and sleep (Del Felice, Formaggio, Storti, Fiaschi, & Manganotti, ; Krone et al, ). These findings led us to hypothesize that thalamus centered RSFC mediates alcohol dependence and sleep impairment in AD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disruptions to these psychological processes are critical features of alcohol dependence, and the thalamus appears to be particularly vulnerable to the influence of alcohol (Pitel et al, 2015). Meanwhile, the thalamus plays crucial roles in sleep and circadian rhythmicity (Jan, Reiter, Wasdell, & Bax, 2009;Krone et al, 2017). It is worth noting that insomnia patients had lower waking metabolism and less thalamic activation than healthy controls (Nofzinger et al, 2006;O'Byrne, Berman Rosa, Gouin, & Dang-Vu, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced resting‐state functional connectivity and sleep impairment in abstinent male alcohol‐dependent patients

Liu

Cai

Zhao

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

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Alcohol dependence is associated with poor sleep quality, which has both been implicated with thalamocortical circuits function. To identify the possible roles of these circuits in the alcohol‐sleep association, we investigated the volume of both left and right thalamus and corresponding resting‐state functional connectivity (RSFC) differences between 15 alcohol‐dependent patients (AD) and 15 healthy controls (HC) male participants. The neuroimaging findings were then correlated with clinical variables, that is, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Additionally, mediation analysis was carried out to test whether the thalamocortical RSFC mediates the relationship between drinking behavior and sleep impairments in AD when applicable. We observed a significant positive correlation between AUDIT score and PSQI score in AD. Compared with HC, AD showed reduced RSFC between the left thalamus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and right caudate. We also observed a negative correlation between RSFC of the left thalamus–mPFC and PSQI score in AD. More importantly, the left thalamus–mPFC RSFC strength mediated the relationship between AUDIT score and PSQI score in AD. No significant difference was detected in the normalized volume of both left and right thalamus, and volumes were not significantly correlated with clinical variables. Our results demonstrate that AD show abnormal interactions within thalamocortical circuits in association with drinking behaviors and sleep impairments. It is hoped that our study focusing on thalamocortical circuits could provide new information on potential novel therapeutic targets for treatment of sleep impairment in alcohol‐dependent patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced resting‐state functional connectivity and sleep impairment in abstinent male alcohol‐dependent patients

Liu

Cai

Zhao

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The bottom-up pathway emerges from the ascending reticular arousal system (ARAS) and activates the cortex via well-characterized thalamic and nonthalamic pathways through cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmission. The bottom-up pathway represents the leverage point for pharmaceutical interventions [6]. It is complemented by a corticothalamic top-down pathway, which appears to be modifiable through NIBS techniques [6].…”

Section: Sleep Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bottom-up pathway represents the leverage point for pharmaceutical interventions [6]. It is complemented by a corticothalamic top-down pathway, which appears to be modifiable through NIBS techniques [6].…”

Section: Sleep Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeting Arousal and Sleep through Noninvasive Brain Stimulation to Improve Mental Health

et al. 2020

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Arousal and sleep represent fundamental physiological domains, and alterations in the form of insomnia (difficulty falling or staying asleep) or hypersomnia (increased propensity for falling asleep or increased sleep duration) are prevalent clinical problems. Current first-line treatments include psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Despite significant success, a number of patients do not benefit sufficiently. Progress is limited by an incomplete understanding of the neurobiology of insomnia and hypersomnia. This work summarizes current concepts of the regulation of arousal and sleep and its modulation through noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic, current, and auditory stimulation. Particularly, we suggest: (1) characterization of patients with sleep problems -across diagnostic entities of mental disorders -based on specific alterations of sleep, including alterations of sleep slow waves, sleep spindles, cross-frequency coupling of brain oscillations, local sleep-wake regulation, and REM sleep and (2) targeting these with specific NIBS techniques. While evidence is accumulating that the modulation of specific alterations of sleep through NIBS is feasible, it remains to be tested whether this translates to clinically relevant effects and new treatment developments.

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Associations between sleep and episodic memory updating

2019

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Prior research shows that contextual reminders can reactivate hippocampal links to previously consolidated memories, rendering them susceptible to being updated with new information which then is reconsolidated. Studies implicate sleep in the reconsolidation of reactivated memories, but it is unknown what role sleep plays in updating of a previously consolidated trace with new information. We tracked participants' sleep during an episodic reconsolidation paradigm, first with actigraphy (Experiment 1) then with polysomnography (Experiment 2). Our paradigm involved two learning sessions and a retrieval session, each separated by 48 hr. We reminded participants of the first learning experience immediately prior to the second, which led them to update the earlier memory with elements of the later experience. In Experiment 1, less sleep after Session 1 and more sleep after Session 2 are associated with increased updating. In Experiment 2, N2 sleep spindles (SSs) after the reminder and new learning are associated with more updating, but primarily when spindle activity after Session 1 is low. Thus, total sleep time and N2 SSs contribute to sleep‐dependent updating of episodic memory. This outcome is consistent with other work connecting SS activity to the integration of novel information into existing knowledge structures, extended here with the study of how variations in sleep over successive nights contribute to this process. We discuss some possible roles of spindles in the decontextualization of hippocampal memory over time. Although much work addresses the role of sleep in the consolidation of new memories, this work uniquely addresses the contribution of sleep to the updating of a previously consolidated trace with new information.

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Top-down control of arousal and sleep: Fundamentals and clinical implications

Cited by 63 publications

References 104 publications

Reduced resting‐state functional connectivity and sleep impairment in abstinent male alcohol‐dependent patients

Reduced resting‐state functional connectivity and sleep impairment in abstinent male alcohol‐dependent patients

Targeting Arousal and Sleep through Noninvasive Brain Stimulation to Improve Mental Health

Associations between sleep and episodic memory updating

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