Top-Down Construction of Independent Spanning Trees in Alternating Group Networks

Abstract

A set of spanning trees in a graph G is called independent spanning trees (ISTs) if they are rooted at the same vertex r, and for each vertex v( = r) in G, the two paths from v to r in any two trees share no common vertex expect for v and r. ISTs can be applied in many research fields, such as fault-tolerant broadcasting and secure message distribution in reliable communication networks. Since Cayley graphs have been widely used to design interconnection networks, constructing ISTs on cayley graphs is worth studying. The alternating group network is a subclass of Cayley graphs, and the approach of constructing ISTs in alternating group networks is still unknown. In this paper, we propose a novel and simple top-down approach for constructing ISTs in alternating group networks. The main ideas of the algorithm are to use induction to develop small trees to big trees, to use a triangle breadth-first search (TBFS) process to create a backbone of an IST, and to use breadth-first search (BFS) process to connect the rest of nodes. Compared to other methods of different interconnection networks in the literature, the uniqueness of our method is that it does not need to determine the parent of one node by any rule, on the contrary others determine that by rules. The time complexity in n-dimensional alternating group network AN n is O(n 2 × n!), where n! is twice the number of nodes of AN n ; hence it is polynomial time. We implement the algorithm in PHP and run cases from AN 3 to AN 10 . The results reveal that all spanning trees of AN 3 to AN 10 are independent and that our algorithm is accurate and efficient.

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“…Zhang et al [24] and AlTuhafi [25] present a survey of video streaming topologies. Huang et al [26] applies a topdown construction of spanning trees to a secure message distribution in reliable communication networks. They propose an algorithm for constructing spanning trees using breadthfirst search (BFS) to connect the nodes to the network.…”

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“…In addition, a hierarchical clustering algorithm can be used to cluster data sets at different scales (levels). Hierarchical clustering algorithms may be agglomerative or divisive, depending on whether the hierarchical divisions are determined in the "bottom-up" or "top-down" [63]; a brief description of the process is shown in Fig. 2.…”

The Construction of Multiple Independent Spanning Trees on Burnt Pancake Networks

“…Since this conjecture is still unsolved for the general k-connected graphs of k ≥ 5, the follow-up researchers mainly focused on the study of constructing multiple ISTs on specific interconnection networks under applications-driven. For instance, the construction of ISTS on some variations of hypercubes [3], [22], [32], [33], [40], torus networks [31], recursive circulant graphs [37], [38], and special subclasses of Cayley networks [7], [17], [18], [20], [21]. In particular, special topics related to IST include the research on reducing the height of ISTs [34], [36], [39] and parallel construction of ISTs [4]- [6], [35], [40], [41].…”