Tooth replantation with adipose tissue stem cells and fibrin sealant: microscopic analysis of rat’s teeth

Abstract

Treatment for dental avulsion cases is early or late replantation of the traumatized teeth. Prognosis of the replanted tooth depends on the level of periodontal injury. Adipose tissue stem cells (ATSCs) were reported to improve periodontal ligament tissue (PDL) regeneration. Fibrin sealant (FS) contains thrombin and fibrinogen to form an adhesive fibrin clot routinely used in surgical procedures. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of ATSCs + FS treatment on healing of PDL after tooth replantation in a rat model. After 60 min of extraction, maxillary central incisor teeth were replanted with ATSCs + FS. Two months later, the rats were sacrificed and hemimaxilla blocks were dissected out for histological analysis. The results showed that there was a significant improvement in histological findings of ATSCs + FS treated group compared to only FS treated and non-treated groups corresponding to reduced inflammatory resorption and increased new PDL formation. Furthermore, the ankylosis levels were lowered after ATSCs + FS treatment. Singular use of FS improved PDL healing moderately. Our results indicated that ATSCs + FS treatment improves PDL healing after tooth replantation suggesting a new therapeutic potential in the treatment of dental avulsion cases.

Application of Adipose Tissue Stem Cells in Regenerative Dentistry

“…Finally, 33 original studies were reviewed. [ 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 ]…”

“…a. Types of studies : Of the 33 included studies, 23 involved the animal models[ 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ] whereas three trials were done on humans[ 7 29 , 30 ] and seven studies were conducted in vitro [ 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 ] [ Table 1 ].…”

“…Sources of ADSCs : The animal studies utilized ADSCs obtained from omentum, inguinal fat pad, epididymis, subcutaneous adipose tissue, abdominal fat tissue, fat deposits at the hip region, subcutaneous scapular and interscapular sites and buccal fat pads (BFPs) of Sprague Dawley rats, beagle dogs, micromini pigs, rabbit, porcine, and sheep. [ 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 , 18 19 20 21 22 24 25 26 , 32 34 ] Some studies obtained ADSCs from human liposuction aspirates, infrapatellar or BFP, and commercial cell lines. [ 7 17 , 23 27 , 29 30 , 37 ]…”

Geomorphologic study of human tooth root surfaces following simulated avulsion by scanning electron microscopy

“…PDL cells, cultured PDL stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells, and mighty induced pluripotent stem cells have been reported to be able to induce regeneration of PDL-like tissues in animal models. 16,[19][20][21][22] However, as in other translational medicine applications, the complicated cellular treatment required for avulsed teeth is not yet suitable for clinical application.…”

Traditional and Current Treatment Methods from Apexification to Apexogenesis

“…Demirel ve ark. 33 , rat dişi replantasyonunda yağ dokusu kök hücresi (ATSC) ve fibrinojen içeren fibrin örtünün (FS) birlikte uygulandığı tedavinin, periodontal ligament (PDL) iyileşmesini geliştirdiğini ve diş avülsiyonu olgularının tedavisi için terapötik potansiyel taşıdığını rapor etmişlerdir. Doku mühendisliğinde büyüme faktörleri ve morfojenler de kullanılmaktadır.…”