Toolmark Identification on Bone

Ross, Ann H.; Radisch, Deborah

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811912-9.00011-3

Cited by 7 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Measurements of MKW represent one of the only metric methods in a primarily nonmetric saw mark examination process [22,35]. For the saws utilized in the present study, multiple saws potentially could be included as the implements used to form various sizes of MKWs due to the overlap observed between the ranges recorded for each saw (Figure 10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various studies [14,20–24] examining the prevalence of criminal dismemberment indicate that such cases are not a rare occurrence and emphasize the need to continue to standardize SFT analytical techniques. In New York City, 55 cases of criminal dismemberment were recorded over a 22‐year period (1996–2017), with a ratio of one dismemberment case for every 224 homicide cases and an average of four cases annually [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seidel and Fulginiti [23] recorded eight cases involving criminal dismemberment over a 28‐year period (1984–2012) in Maricopa County, Arizona. The North Carolina Human Identification and Forensic Analysis Laboratory at North Carolina State University worked 11 cases of dismemberment over a period of 9 years (2011–2019) [22]. Homicides involving criminal dismemberment are not unique to the United States, with 30 cases recorded in Poland over a 50‐year period (1965–2015), 22 cases recorded in Sweden over a 30‐year period (1961–1990), and 134 dismemberment cases over a 51‐year period (1947–1998) in Japan [14,21,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between saw blade width and kerf width

Menschel

Pokines

Reinecke

2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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The author would like to thank Boston University, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, and the faculty of the Forensic Anthropology program for the use of facilities and funds. Thanks to Dr. James Pokines for his assistance in conducting the research and for his contributions as my advisor and first reader. The author would also like to thank Agent Reinecke in his role as second reader. Thank you to Qi Huang, Xiaofei We, Chuning Yuan, and Kelly C. Kung of the MSSP statistical consulting service, under the guidance of Professor Allen G. Harbaugh, for their assistance. A special thank you to the women in my cohort who have become good friends who have provided me with their support and welcomed diversions throughout this process. Special thanks to Reshma Satish and Savannah Mills for assisting me during my data collection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between saw blade width and kerf width

Menschel

Pokines

Reinecke

2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Previous research into criminal dismemberment has identified the main motives behind dismemberment as an attempt to avoid positive identification of the remains, facilitate ease of transport, or to disfigure or dehumanize the remains [1,3]. Criminal dismemberment may be committed with either a knife, axe, saw, or a combination of these weapons [4–6]. Furthermore, the perpetrator may try out multiple household weapons, or purchase tools at a local hardware store to facilitate dismemberment [3,4,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of the reliability of cut surface characteristics to distinguish between hand‐powered reciprocating saw blades in cases of experimental dismemberment

Martlin

Rando

2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Criminal dismemberment is most commonly committed with a variety of hand‐powered saws. These saws leave characteristic marks upon the bone that can assist in the identification of the weapon utilized. The current study provides frequencies of presentation of ten cut surface characteristics and examines intra‐ and interindividual variation between three hand‐powered reciprocating saws. Pig radii were used as a proxy for human remains. 42 cut surfaces were created with three hand‐powered reciprocating saws by the same researcher. Cut surface characteristics were assessed macroscopically, microscopically and with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), as well as photographed with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI). Cut surface polish is the only characteristic that demonstrates consistently significant difference between saws. Five characteristics demonstrate some variation between blades: entrance shaving, breakaway spurs, breakaway notches, pull‐out striae, and tooth hop. Four characteristics demonstrate no difference between blades: cut surface striation shape, cut surface striation regularity, harmonics, and exit chipping. Tooth hop is the most reliable characteristic for differentiating between blades in this study, while pull‐out striae demonstrates high intra‐individual variability and a low frequency of presentation making it unreliable for differentiating between saw blades. Cut surface striations, exit chipping, and breakaway spurs occurred with the highest frequencies and were reliable for determining direction of blade progress and blade stroke, but were not reliable for differentiating between saw blades. Harmonics were absent. Further research is necessary to create large databases of known saw mark examples with known intra‐ and interindividual variability rates and error rates.

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“…Studying bones cut by saws the kerf and striations made by the saws can be used to help identify the saw used 3,9,[13][14][15][16] . This includes chainsaws 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-mortem dismemberment using chainsaws

Knock

George

2019

Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Post-mortem dismemberment using chainsaws. Experiments were carried out to quantify the size of the tissue spatter distribution from post-mortem dismemberment. Pig joints were used with the same diameters as human arms. Two chainsaws were used: a petrol chainsaw and an electric chainsaw. For both chainsaws and all joint sizes, the tissue spatter distribution showed three distinct regions: i) a line of tissue in front of the cut, ii) tissue particles either side of the line of tissue in front of the cut and iii) a line of tissue behind the cut. The size of the tissue spatter distribution differed between the two chainsaws. The tissue pattern distribution was longer for the petrol chainsaw. The size of the tissue spatter distribution did not depend on joint size for joints with a cross-sectional area greater than 300 cm 2 .

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Toolmark Identification on Bone

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Correlation between saw blade width and kerf width

Correlation between saw blade width and kerf width

An assessment of the reliability of cut surface characteristics to distinguish between hand‐powered reciprocating saw blades in cases of experimental dismemberment

Post-mortem dismemberment using chainsaws

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