Too much or too little? Individual and situational predictors of police force relative to suspect resistance

Hine, Kelly A.; Porter, Louise; Westera, Nina; Alpert, Geoffrey P.

doi:10.1080/10439463.2016.1232257

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The violent crime rate and unemployment rate of the neighbourhood in question and the length of in-service training provided by the police force were also statistically significant. Hine et al (2018a) looked at the relative amount of force used by officers, and found gender and subject behaviour to be statistically significant. The study did not look at Taser specifically, but the authors noted 'in encounters where officers confronted suspects with a weapon, officers were most often presenting … or deploying the Taser (2018a, p. 598)'.…”

Section: Use Of Force Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

‘Taser, Taser’! Exploring factors associated with police use of Taser in England and Wales

Dymond

2018

Policing and Society

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Police use of Taser in England and Wales has received little academic attention, despite being the topic of much public controversy. Much of our knowledge comes from the United States of America, but these findings are based on a small number of data sets and little testing has been done to see whether such findings apply internationally. This article uses a novel dataset from a police agency in England and Wales, and pilots new covariates, to conduct a multivariate analysis of factors associated with Taser use: the first time such analysis has been conducted outside of North America. This analysis also provides an ideal opportunity to test long-standing theoretical debates about whether police use of force is affected by 'who the citizen is', as the conflict approach would predict, or 'what the citizen does', in keeping with the consensus tradition. Variables from both the former (namely gender and mental health issues) and the latter category (including presence or use of a weapon) were found to be statistically significant after the inclusion of controls. The results highlight limitations to the application of the American based literature internationally and demonstrate stronger support for consensus than conflict theories. They also highlight that, under certain conditions, it may be appropriate for officers to take civilian characteristics into account when making use of force decisions.

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Section: Use Of Force Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

‘Taser, Taser’! Exploring factors associated with police use of Taser in England and Wales

Dymond

2018

Policing and Society

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“…Researchers have examined officers’ decisions to stop and question some citizens and not others (Alpert, Dunham, Stroshine, Bennett, & MacDonald, 2004; Phillips & Sobol, 2012) or to stop and frisk (Fradella, Morrow, & White, 2016; White & Fradella, 2016). More specific to use of force decisions, researchers have consistently found that the strongest predictor of police using force is the suspect’s behavior, particularly when the suspect is being noncompliant and resisting arrest (see Adam, 2015; Hine, Porter, Westera, & Alpert, 2016; Terrill, 2005; Terrill & Mastrofski, 2002). Furthermore, clear and strict policies have been found to be an effective tool in controlling discretionary decision making about the use of deadly force (Ferdik, Kaminski, Cooney, & Sevigny, 2014; Fyfe, 1979, 1981, 1982; Terrill & Paoline, 2017; White, 2001).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Police Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Police Use of Force Decision-Making Processes and Impairments Using a Naturalistic Decision-Making Approach

Hine

Porter

Westera

et al. 2018

Criminal Justice and Behavior

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As part of their duties, police regularly engage with citizens, which can result in the use of force. While we know how often and under what circumstances officers use force, little is known about officers' decision-making processes that lead to force. The study took a naturalistic decision-making approach to analyze debrief sessions between 91 recruits and their trainers after partaking in a use-of-force assessment scenario. Results show recruit's decision making was more aligned with an intuitive style rather than an analytical style. Recruits reported experiencing perceptual, cognitive, and physiological impairments that influenced the way they assessed the situation and affected their ability to successfully execute force techniques. The findings provide valuable insights into the theoretical knowledge around police decision making and how officers are making use-offorce decisions in the field. This has real-world implications for training/education and could help reduce the effects of decision-making impairments.

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“…259-262), reporting that information for a standardized national collection in a timely fashion may create new challenges (Stephenson, 2011(Stephenson, , p. 1430. The research literature on use-of-force incidents lacks generalizability because most studies can rely only on a single agency (Klinger et al, 2015;Lee, Vaughn, and Lim, 2014) or limited pool of incidents (Nix et al, 2017;Hine et al, 2016). But, for the profession as a whole, the new national system should help answer fundamental questions about police use-of-force trends.…”

Section: Gaps In the Data On Lethal Uses Of Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering Innovation in U.S. Law Enforcement: Identifying High-Priority Technology and Other Needs for Improving Law Enforcement Operations and Outcomes

Hollywood¹,

Woods²,

Goodison³

et al. 2017

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Too much or too little? Individual and situational predictors of police force relative to suspect resistance

Cited by 34 publications

References 29 publications

‘Taser, Taser’! Exploring factors associated with police use of Taser in England and Wales

‘Taser, Taser’! Exploring factors associated with police use of Taser in England and Wales

Exploring Police Use of Force Decision-Making Processes and Impairments Using a Naturalistic Decision-Making Approach

Fostering Innovation in U.S. Law Enforcement: Identifying High-Priority Technology and Other Needs for Improving Law Enforcement Operations and Outcomes

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