Toner Display Based on Particle Movements

Jo, Gug-rae; Hoshino, and Katsuyoshi; Kitamura, Takashi

doi:10.1021/cm010664n

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…in Figure 1(a) can be detected in the spectra of the treated pigments. These peaks can be attributed to the sp 3 CAH stretching and C¼ ¼O vibration in polyacrylate segment of the P(SMA-DMA-St) copolymer. The peaks, 1450 cm À1 and 1143 cm À1 , assigned to the absorption of ¼ ¼CH 2 ¼ ¼, ¼ ¼CH 3, and C¼ ¼O¼ ¼C groups in the copolymer can also be detected in the spectra of the treated particles.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Rgb Electrophoretic Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the pioneering work of Jacobson, 1 acting as one of the most promising technique in fields of electronic paper, electrophoretic displays (EPD) stepped into a great development because of its advantages like light-weight, wide viewing angles, and low-power consumption, et al [2][3][4][5][6] In the past years, though the white-black monochrome EPD has been commercialized by some corporations, efforts to make full color display with rapid response were never stopped. E-ink Corporation developed a useful technology for fabricating chromatic electrophoretic display (CEPD) by combining color filter arrays with white-black monochrome EPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partially crosslinked P(SMA‐DMA‐St) copolymer in situ modified RGB tricolor pigment particles for chromatic electrophoretic display

Qin¹,

Wu²,

Yin³

et al. 2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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RGB tricolor organic pigments were in situ modified by stearyl methacrylate-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-styrene random copolymer [P(SMA-DMA-St)] through solution polymerization. The modified particles were charged in tetrachloroethylene (TCE) with the aid of suitable charge control agent. The structure and electrophoretic property of ink particles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, PALS, et al. P(SMA-DMA-St) modification decreased the particles size and enhanced the suspending stability of the pigments in tetrachloroethylene due to the repulsive forces among the treated pigment particles resulting from the extending polyacrylate chain in the media. Partial crosslinking the P(SMA-DMA-St) on the pigment surface with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) helped to increase the Zeta potential and electrophoresis mobility of RGB electrophoretic particles. The maximum values of the Zeta potential for red, green, and blue electrophoretic particles reached À36.2, À57.7, and À42.7 mV, respectively. The obtained RGB electrophoretic particles could be applied in the color/white dual-particle electronic ink together with charged TiO 2 to show vivid color and white images under a DC electric field.

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Section: Preparation Of the Rgb Electrophoretic Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partially crosslinked P(SMA‐DMA‐St) copolymer in situ modified RGB tricolor pigment particles for chromatic electrophoretic display

Qin¹,

Wu²,

Yin³

et al. 2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…However, people continue to print documents and pictures from computers, perhaps because many people are still more comfortable reading text printed on paper than reading text off a computer screen. ''Electronic papers'' [96][97][98][99][100][101] was recently introduced as a new display device; this device has attracted considerable attention as the use of this device is expected to solve many problems pertaining to energy, environment, and resources. Electronic papers resemble ordinary paper; they have good flexibility, are thin and lightweight, and display characters and images electronically.…”

Section: Electronic Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic Organic–Metallic Hybrid Polymers: Fundamentals and Device Applications

Higuchi

2009

Polym. J.

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Organic-metallic hybrid polymers are formed by the complexation of metal ions with organic ligands or polymers bearing coordination sites. Hybrid polymers consisting of bis(terpyridine)s and metal ions such as Fe(II) or Ru(II) have specific colors based on metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption. The cyclic voltammograms of the polymers revealed a reversible redox wave that depends on the redox reaction of the metal ions. Interestingly, polymer films cast on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes have excellent electrochromic properties; the color of the film disappears when a potential higher than the redox potential of the metal ions is applied to the polymer film. Various colors such as purple, blue, red, and orange can be observed by changing the metal species and/or by modifying the organic ligands used to synthesize the polymers. In addition, multicolor electrochromic changes in a polymer film occur upon the introduction of two types of metal ions into the polymer. Electrochromic solid-state devices have been successfully fabricated by using these polymers. [20][21][22][23][24] that is, -conjugate organic polymers such as polyacetylene, polyaniline, and polythiophene, which have high conductivity when charge is injected through doping. [25][26][27] Interestingly, these -conjugate polymers also posses electrochromic properties. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] The color of -conjugate polymers is based on the polymer structure. The absorption spectra of -conjugate polymers shift toward long wavelengths when the length of the -conjugate chain is large. When such polymers are oxidized or reduced chemically or electrochemically, that is, ''doped,'' the gap (bandgap) between HOMO and LUMO potentials decreases and their color changes. By employing various synthetic organic reactions, -conjugate polymers with different conjugated chain lengths can be synthesized. Therefore, such electrochromic materials can exhibit various colors. The electrochromic properties of conductive polymers have already been comprehensively studied over the last two decades, and applications have been proposed. However, most of these applications are not practical. This is primarily because conductive polymers have low stability. As mentioned earlier, electrochromic properties can be observed, when these polymers are injected with charges (or electrons), which causes changes in the electronic state and structure of the polymers. As a result, even if the original polymer is stable, the polymer structure after oxidization (reduction) is such that the material is often unstable against light, heat, or air, deteriorating while the electrochemical redox switching is operated repeatedly. In order to find practical applications, electrochromic materials have to be stable and reliable. In this respect, organic electrochromic materials have had a major disadvantage.-Conjugate polymers containing coordination sites, such as polyanilines and polypyridines, can trap metal ions in solution and can therefore be regarded as pol...

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“…The aggregates may further form agglomerates in dry form or in dispersion. CB is widely used in a variety of industrial areas, such as a reinforcing filler for rubber [1], a conductive agent for plastics [2], and a black pigment in coating [3], ink [4], or toner [5]. These applications all involve dispersing CB into either polymeric systems or solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%