Tone based MAC protocol for use with adaptive array antennas

Singh, Harkirat; Singh, Suresh

doi:10.1109/wcnc.2004.1311367

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In reference [6], the DOA-MAC was raised by Singh H et al, which is directional MAC based on ALOHA, and divide every slot into three little slot in which node send a tone signal frame, data and confirmation frame. Later, in reference [7] they suggest sending tone signal and receiving tone signal to replace original simple tone signal frame. The mechanism is similar to RTS/CTS handshake protocol, the tone signal from receiver did not indicate the destination node, what is the reason why receiver may receive some data packet not for itself.…”

Section: Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Directional Ad Hoc MAC

Wang¹,

Song²,

Mao³

2015

Int. J. Onl. Eng.

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Abstract-Recently, Ad Hoc network is adapted widely in military, agriculture, and disaster rescue owing to the character flexible and fast deployment without infrastructure itself. However, the omnidirectional Ad Hoc cannot fulfill the requirements from people of increasing the capacity and the bandwidth of network caused by drastic explosion of information. By contrast, the directional antenna is more advantage than the omnidirectional one, which has the capability to improve the performance of Ad Hoc including more transmission range, less interference, spatial reuse, more capacity and tactical silence. Based on the existing lecture, a novel directional MAC found on STDMA Spatial Time Division Multiple Access is raised and provide high throughput, high transmission rate and low delay to network system which contribute to share massive information and improve the performance of the network.Index Terms-Ad Hoc, Directional antenna, MAC, STDMA. I. FORWARDAd hoc can construct a temporary selfmanaging system without pre-constructing fixed network infrastructure and consist of a series of wireless terminal which brings flexible deployment and great practicality in some scenario. According to existing study, directional antenna is a wonderful solution deployed in Ad Hoc networks to reduce the signal interference, improve communication quality and performance of the system. A directional Ad Hoc MAC found on STDMA is proposed, and main work includes:1. Neighbor discovery algorithm under directional antenna model; 2.Directional antenna alignment algorithm; 3.Information sorting algorithm based on priority. Finally, the MAC is simulated and validated with OPNET which exports the results.The following article is arranged as follows: section , describe the detail of MAC, such as the initialization process, neighbor discovery and normal access process. Section , analyze the main design specifications. Section , model the MAC with OPNET. Section , output the results of analysis and make a conclusion.In fact, there are so many works focus on directional MAC which is divided into two research directions, the one is to improve the 802.11 protocol family as a supplement, and the other one is to improve ALOHA. In reference [1], D-MAC was proposed by Ko Y and supplemented 802.11 protocol family, in which the RTS was sent by transmitter directionally, and the CTS was Omni-directionally sent from receiver to notice neighbors to block himself in case of collision. Afterward, Roychoudhury R et al raised MMAC protocol, which can afford the communication between nodes far over two hops with multi-RTS, and send CTS/DATA/ACK directionally in one hop. Compare to the D-MAC, MMAC has greater throughput and poorer end to end delay owing to multi-hop communication link. In reference [3], adaptive antenna array was deployed in PHY, and two kinds of control frame were supplemented, in which contains active nodes and topology information about the whole network, respectively. These measures are helpful for nodes to grasp the status of communicatio...

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Section: Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Directional Ad Hoc MAC

Wang¹,

Song²,

Mao³

2015

Int. J. Onl. Eng.

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“…The work of Singh and Singh [26] and Huang et al [27] proposed busy tone-based directional MAC protocols. The protocols call for idle nodes to listen in the omnidirectional mode.…”

Section: Dtd Mac Protocol For the Mmwave Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Distributed Asynchronous Directional-to-Directional MAC Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Shihab

Cai

Pan

2009

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Abstract-The use of directional antennas in ad hoc networks has received growing attention because of its high spatial reuse and high antenna gains. The medium access control (MAC) protocol design with directional antennas is nontrivial due to the deafness and collision problems. The existing protocols assumed that the nodes can operate in both directional and omnidirectional modes. However, using both modes leads to the asymmetry-in-gain problem. In this paper, we propose a directional-to-directional (DtD) MAC protocol, where both senders and receivers operate in a directional-only mode. We also derive the saturation throughput of ad hoc networks using DtD MAC. The analytical and simulation results show that DtD MAC can significantly improve the throughput and maintain good fairness among competing flows. We further evaluate the DtD MAC with millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication technologies, which rely on a directional antenna to perform well and can achieve gigabit data rates. The results obtained are exciting and show that DtD MAC is a promising candidate for mmWave ad hoc networks.Index Terms-Ad hoc networks, directional antennas, medium access control (MAC) protocols, millimeter wave (mmWave).

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“…A key component that aids the array to be 'smart' and adaptive to the environment is AOA estimation of the desired signals and co-channel interferers. To fully exploit the AOA capability in mobile communications, various Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols have been developed [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate Angle-of-Arrival Measurement Using Particle Swarm Optimization

Li¹,

Ho²,

Hayward³

2010

WSN

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As one of the major methods for location positioning, angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation is a significant technology in radar, sonar, radio astronomy, and mobile communications. AOA measurements can be exploited to locate mobile units, enhance communication efficiency and network capacity, and support location-aided routing, dynamic network management, and many location-based services. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for AOA estimation in colored noise fields and harsh application scenarios. By modeling the unknown noise covariance as a linear combination of known weighting matrices, a maximum likelihood (ML) criterion is established, and a particle swarm optimization (PSO) paradigm is designed to optimize the cost function. Simulation results demonstrate that the paired estimator PSO-ML significantly outperforms other popular techniques and produces superior AOA estimates.

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Tone based MAC protocol for use with adaptive array antennas

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

A Novel Directional Ad Hoc MAC

A Novel Directional Ad Hoc MAC

A Distributed Asynchronous Directional-to-Directional MAC Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Accurate Angle-of-Arrival Measurement Using Particle Swarm Optimization

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