Tomboys, Masculine Characteristics, and Self-Ratings of Confidence in Career Success

Abstract

Previous research focusing on gender-roles and self-concept suggests a positive relationship between masculinity and self-concept. The present study explores self-perceptions of being a "tomboy," gender-role and ratings of self-confidence in later success. Higher self-ratings on the tomboy scale correlated with confidence in career success but not with confidence in passing a college course or jogging for 20 min. There was a positive correlation between masculinity scores but not femininity scores with tomboy ratings. Masculine characteristics such as independence, aggression competitiveness, leadership ability, ability to defend, stand by beliefs, mediated by compassion appear to be positively correlated with perceptions of success.

Concept Analysis: Confidence/Self-confidence

“…Gabriel et al (2007) Background: relational interdependence in relation self-confidence. Hilgenkamp and Livingston (2002) Background: knowledge in relation to confidence/self-confidence. Jarmasz and Hollands (2009) Background: statistical measurements (confidence intervals).…”

A Comprehensive Career-Success Model for Physician–Scientists

“…Finally, examples in the literature universally considered personality factors to be important individual determinants of career success. 42,51–55 Many of these studies 42,51–55 focused on the qualities that were found and measured by Amabile and colleagues in their Work Preference Inventory, including factors such as motivation, challenge, enjoyment, outward orientation, and compensation orientation. 56 In our model, we included motivation, creativity, passion, interest, leadership, self-efficacy, and professionalism.…”

Self-Confidence: A Concept Analysis

“…The educational arena most clearly uses self‐confidence in the realm of (b) academic success or failure (Nokelainen, Tirri, & Merenti‐Valimaki, 2007; Plecha, 2002) and (c) athleticism (Hutchinson & Mercier, 2004; Mellalieu, Neil, & Hanton, 2006). Psychological literature uses encompass (d) psychological trait comprehension (Oleson, Poehlmann, Yost, Lynch, & Arkin, 2000; Savitsky et al., 1998) and (e) male‐versus‐female confidence (Hilgenkamp & Livingston, 2002; Kumar & Jagacinski, 2006). The nursing literature overwhelmingly uses self‐confidence in the context of (f) strong clinical practice, with reference to skill acquisition, clinical decision‐making, professional socialization, collaboration, and autonomy (Lindsey & Kleiner, 2005; Messmer, Jones, & Taylor, 2004; Oermann & Moffitt‐Wolf, 1997; Ronsten, Andersson, & Gustafsson, 2005).…”

“…Prior to the attainment of self‐confidence some acquisition of knowledge must be achieved (Hilgenkamp & Livingston, 2002; Nokelainen et al., 2007; Vidal & Moller, 2007). “No amount of self‐confidence can produce success when prerequisite knowledge and some level of skill are not present” (Schunk & Pajares, 2005, p. 94).…”