Tomato MAPKs LeMPK1, LeMPK2, and LeMPK3 function in the systemin-mediated defense response against herbivorous insects

Kandoth, Pramod Kaitheri; Ranf, Stefanie; Pancholi, Suchita S.; Jayanty, Sastry S.; Walla, Michael D.; Miller, W. Tood; Howe, Gregg A.; Lincoln, David E.; Stratmann, Johannes W.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0700344104

Cited by 229 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In line with this, it was recently shown that an oomycete MAPK is required for virulence of Phytophthora sojae against soybean (Glycine max; Li et al, 2010). Activation of plant MAPKs also occurs following interactions with other eukaryotes, including following perception of oomycete elicitors (Kroj et al, 2003) and feeding by herbivorous insects (Kandoth et al, 2007;Wu et al, 2007). Taken together, these reports strongly suggest that MAPK cascades are not only required for the molecular dialogue between plants and pathogenic fungi but also for the exchanges occurring between plants and eukaryotes from other taxa.…”

Section: Upcoming Challenges and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 79%

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Plant-Interacting Fungi: Distinct Messages from Conserved Messengers

et al. 2012

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Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins that function as key signal transduction components in fungi, plants, and mammals. During interaction between phytopathogenic fungi and plants, fungal MAPKs help to promote mechanical and/or enzymatic penetration of host tissues, while plant MAPKs are required for activation of plant immunity. However, new insights suggest that MAPK cascades in both organisms do not operate independently but that they mutually contribute to a highly interconnected molecular dialogue between the plant and the fungus. As a result, some pathogenesis-related processes controlled by fungal MAPKs lead to the activation of plant signaling, including the recruitment of plant MAPK cascades. Conversely, plant MAPKs promote defense mechanisms that threaten the survival of fungal cells, leading to a stress response mediated in part by fungal MAPK cascades. In this review, we make use of the genomic data available following completion of whole-genome sequencing projects to analyze the structure of MAPK protein families in 24 fungal taxa, including both plant pathogens and mycorrhizal symbionts. Based on conserved patterns of sequence diversification, we also propose the adoption of a unified fungal MAPK nomenclature derived from that established for the model species Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Finally, we summarize current knowledge of the functions of MAPK cascades in phytopathogenic fungi and highlight the central role played by MAPK signaling during the molecular dialogue between plants and invading fungal pathogens.

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Section: Upcoming Challenges and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 79%

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Plant-Interacting Fungi: Distinct Messages from Conserved Messengers

et al. 2012

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“…It will be interesting to see whether it has impacts on sugar beet insects. It has been found recently that systemins in the plant cell wall mediate defence responses against herbivorous insects, and mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK1, 2 and 3 play vital roles in the process in Solanaceous plants (Kandoth et al, 2007). Potential insect-resistance genes have been identified in sugar beet including a prosystemin homologue (AY839628), and sugar beet expressed sequence tags (ESTs) potentially encoding MPKs, VSP1, arginase and threonine deaminase (Table 1).…”

Section: Molecular Biology Of Resistance To Leaf-feeding Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic approaches to sustainable pest management in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2008

Annals of Applied Biology

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Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) is an important arable crop, traditionally used for sugar extraction, but more recently, for biofuel production. A wide range of pests, including beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), green peach aphids (Myzus persicae) and beet root maggot (Tetanops myopaeformis), infest the roots or leaves of sugar beet, which leads to yield loss directly or through transmission of beet pathogens such as viruses. Conventional pest control approaches based on chemical application have led to high economic costs. Development of pest-resistant sugar beet varieties could play an important role towards sustainable crop production while minimising environmental impact. Intensive Beta germplasm screening has been fruitful, and genetic lines resistant to nematodes, aphids and root maggot have been identified and integrated into sugar beet breeding programmes. A small number of genes responding to pest attack have been cloned from sugar beet and wild Beta species. This trend will continue towards a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism of insect-host plant interactions and host resistance. Molecular biotechnological techniques have shown promise in developing transgenic pest resistance varieties at an accelerated speed with high accuracy. The use of transgenic technology is discussed with regard to biodiversity and food safety.

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“…MAPK signaling has been shown to play a critical role in mediating plant resistance to herbivores (Kandoth et al, 2007;Wu et al, 2007a). FACs from M. sexta OS are introduced into plant cells through wounds generated by herbivore feeding.…”

Section: Natural Variation In Herbivore-induced Signaling Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Two Nicotiana attenuata Accessions Reveals Large Differences in Signaling Induced by Oral Secretions of the Specialist Herbivore Manduca sexta

Hettenhausen

Schuman

et al. 2008

Plant Physiology

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Genetic variation within and among populations provides the raw material for evolution. Although many studies describe inter-and intraspecific variation of defensive metabolites, little is known about variation among plant populations within early signaling responses elicited by herbivory or by herbivore oral secretions (OS) introduced into wounds during feeding. In this study, we compare the OS-elicited early responses as well as the antiherbivore defensive metabolites in two accessions of the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata and show that, compared with an accession collected from Utah, an Arizona accession has lower herbivore-elicited activity of the salicylic acid-induced protein kinase, an important mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in herbivore resistance. These differences in salicylic acid-induced protein kinase activity were associated with substantially different levels of OS-elicited jasmonic acid, jasmonic acid-isoleucine conjugate, and ethylene bursts. Gene expression level polymorphism (ELP) determines phenotypic variation among populations, and we found the two accessions to have significantly different ELPs in the genes involved in early signaling responses to herbivory. In addition, we found differences between the Utah and the Arizona accessions in the concentrations of several secondary metabolites that contribute to N. attenuata's direct and indirect defenses. This study demonstrates significant natural variation in regulatory elements that mediate plant responses to herbivore attack, highlighting the role of ELP in producing a diversity of plant defense phenotypes.

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Tomato MAPKs LeMPK1, LeMPK2, and LeMPK3 function in the systemin-mediated defense response against herbivorous insects

Cited by 229 publications

References 60 publications

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Plant-Interacting Fungi: Distinct Messages from Conserved Messengers

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Plant-Interacting Fungi: Distinct Messages from Conserved Messengers

Genetic approaches to sustainable pest management in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)

A Comparison of Two Nicotiana attenuata Accessions Reveals Large Differences in Signaling Induced by Oral Secretions of the Specialist Herbivore Manduca sexta

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